S520 Development and Validation of Brain Fog Questionnaire in Patients and Healthy Volunteers
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Introduction: Brain fogginess (BF) encompasses a constellation of neurocognitive symptoms that remain poorly characterized, in part due to its multidimensional symptoms. They are increasingly seen in gastroenterology patients, particularly those with gas, bloating and distension. We developed and psychometrically tested a 19-item questionnaire that described symptoms of importance to both patients and clinicians (Tetangco et al, ACG 2020). After due input from patients and clinicians, weightage analysis and item reduction, a 15-item new BF questionnaire (BFQ) was developed. Our aim here was to perform a preliminary comparative analysis of BFQ in patients with BF and healthy controls. Methods: In this Phase II questionnaire study, patients with unexplained abdominal gas, bloating, distension, and symptoms of BF for ≥3 months completed the 15-item BFQ using a visual analogue scale, and a 10-item Gas and Bloating validated questionnaire at baseline and 2-weeks. The patients also completed Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Digital Symbol Substitution test (DSST). Healthy controls were invited to complete the aforementioned questionnaires. Data were compared for test-retest reliability, and between the two groups. Results: Ten patients (8 females, mean age 44.4 years), and 12 healthy controls (5 females, mean age 42.8 years) participated. The most severe visual analogue scores for BF symptoms that were reported by patients included feeling sleepy (5.8±0.9), being easily distracted (5.8±1.0), and having difficulty focusing (5.5±0.9). The patients had a significantly higher BFQ total score compared to healthy controls (65.6±9.0 vs 9.8±4.1, p< 0.001), with all 15 BFQ items significantly higher than healthy controls on BFQ (Table). There was no significant difference in DSST scores (42.8±6.6 vs 61.5±17.6, p=0.065) or MoCA scores (25.6±0.9, vs 24.9±3.3, p=0.957) between the two groups. The BFQ had a good test-retest reliability (ICC=0.78, p=0.017) for 9/15 BFQ items. Conclusion: The 15-item BFQ comprehensively captures key symptoms of BF and significantly differentiates healthy controls from BF patients. Also, the lack of difference in MoCA and DSST scores between BF patients and healthy controls suggests that these patients do not have cognitive impairment. The BFQ has good test-retest reliability, but therapeutic responsiveness requires further study. Table 1. - Comparison of brain fog questionnaire responses in patients (baseline vs week 2), and healthy volunteers Brain Fog Questionnaire Patients HVs p value (Pts vs HVs) Baseline questionnaire 2-week questionnaire ICC p value I am forgetful and/or experience short-term memory loss 4.5±0.9 4.4±0.7 0.500 0.160 1.0±0.5 0.001 I have difficulty thinking 4.4±0.6 4.8±0.7 0.835 0.007 0.7±0.4 < 0.001 I have difficulty focusing 5.5±0.9 5.2±0.7 0.817 0.009 1.1±0.7 0.001 I feel cloudy and/or spacey 5.4±1.0 5.3±0.9 0.878 0.002 0.6±0.4 < 0.001 I have difficulty finding the right word(s) to communicate 3.8±0.9 3.6±0.6 0.665 0.059 0.6±0.3 0.003 I have difficulty understanding what others say 2.8±0.6 3.0±0.7 0.364 0.255 0.2±0.1 0.001 I feel mentally fatigued and/or exhausted 5.3±1.0 5.0±1.0 0.764 0.021 0.9±0.3 < 0.001 I feel that I am slow 3.6±0.9 3.5±0.8 0.784 0.016 0.6±0.4 0.009 My mind goes blank 4.4±0.9 4.2±0.9 0.170 0.393 0.9±0.5 0.003 I am easily distracted 5.8±1.0 4.9±0.9 0.853 0.004 1.3±0.7 0.002 I have difficulty understanding words that I have read 3.5±0.9 2.6±0.7 0.872 0.003 0.2±0.1 0.003 I experience confusion 4.0±1.1 3.9±0.9 0.882 0.002 0.2±0.1 0.001 I feel sleepy 5.8±1.0 5.4±0.8 0.747 0.027 0.8±0.3 < 0.001 I feel that my thoughts are moving too quickly 3.3±0.9 3.6±1.0 0.463 0.184 0.2±0.2 0.001 I go somewhere to do something, but cannot remember why 3.8±0.9 4.4±1.0 0.272 0.321 0.7±0.3 0.004 BFQ total score 65.6±9.0 63.7±8.1 0.779 0.017 9.8±4.2 < 0.001
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,005 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».