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Enregistrement W4321349805 · doi:10.1353/nin.2023.0023

Stolen Dreams: The 1955 Cannon Street All- Stars and Little League Baseball’s Civil War by Chris Lamb

2023· article· en· W4321349805 sur OpenAlexvenueno aff
Chad S. Wise

Notice bibliographique

RevueNine · 2023
Typearticle
Langueen
DomaineArts and Humanities
ThématiqueAmerican Sports and Literature
Établissements canadiensnon disponible
Organismes subventionnairesnon disponible
Mots-clésLeagueSpanish Civil WarWhite (mutation)YardClubHistoryArtMedia studiesLawArt historySociologyPolitical scienceArchaeologyMedicine

Résumé

récupéré en direct d'OpenAlex

Reviewed by: Stolen Dreams: The 1955 Cannon Street All- Stars and Little League Baseball’s Civil War by Chris Lamb Chad S. Wise Chris Lamb. Stolen Dreams: The 1955 Cannon Street All- Stars and Little League Baseball’s Civil War. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 2022. 392 pp. Cloth, $35.95. During any given summer, all across America, sounds of baseball can be heard. In 2023, much like 1995, or even 1955, kids are heard riding their bikes and laughing as they make their way to their local school yards, sandlots, or backyards. Bats are held tightly against their shoulders, gloves hanging from bicycle handlebars. Those without bikes often stood on the pegs of the back wheels, getting a free ride from a buddy (usually without helmets . . . gasp)! Some of the kids wore regular tees, while others wore jerseys of Ruth, Griffey, or Trout. The final group wore jerseys (on loan) from their local baseball teams, usually Little League teams. Who doesn’t remember wearing those polyester jerseys on a ninety- degree day, stirrups pulled up and hats pulled down tightly? The official patch on the sleeve of the Little League jersey included a blue baseball field, red lettering, with a white background. Conversely, other leagues, specifically the Dixie Baseball League in the southern states, added a touch of the Confederacy to their jersey patches. Stolen Dreams: The 1955 Cannon Street All-Stars and Little League Baseball’s Civil War is an unsettling and true story about childhood, baseball, and bigotry in the worst sense of the word. Lamb, who did not play baseball in the south, describes the struggles and challenges for kids and adults who grew up living and playing youth baseball in segregated South Carolina. He also describes in detail how the color of kids’ jerseys, hats, and stirrups wasn’t nearly as important as their skin color. Lamb’s book focuses on the year 1955 for several reasons, not all of which are positive. Rosa Parks had refused to move to the back of a public bus and was arrested for her act of bravery. The United States government was in a battle over “separate but equal,” as senators such as Strom Thurmond and Douglas Abrams wrote, “The image of African American boys sharing the same baseball field as white boys was no less acceptable than black children attending schools with white children” (7). How far did these segregated attitudes run? In Lamb’s book, hatred based on racial differences runs all the way to the Little League fields in the southern states, with Charleston, South Carolina, being ground zero. Tackling a subject such as race is no easy task. Readers are familiar with the history of the Civil War, Jim Crow, and Emmett Till. But few people would expect the anger, bigotry, and pure hatred to be shown when an eleven- and twelve-year-old Black Little League All- Star team from South Carolina simply wanted to play baseball in the state tournament. The problem was that no [End Page 142] white teams would play the Cannon Street All- Stars Little League team during the state tournament. Every white team forfeited their games against the team. The Cannon Street team won the state tournament without playing a single game. Little League officials were then left with a major decision, with implications running through both the northern and southern states. The story of the 1955 Cannon Street All- Stars, as Lamb writes, would have “remained buried” if not for a man named Augustus Holt (10). In 1993 Holt’s son, Lawrence, made the All- Star team in the Dixie Youth Baseball League. The Dixie League began in 1955 when white baseball teams refused to play Black teams. Lamb continues his narrative by describing how Holt, an African American and father of All- Star Lawrence, noticed a Confederate flag on the sleeve of his son’s uniform. This was 1993, not 1863! Augustus was furious, as Lamb describes, and his anger switched to curiosity. As he researched the issue he found that southerners didn’t want their white children playing against Black kids in baseball. Hence according to Lamb, the beginning of the Dixie Youth Baseball...

Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.

Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier

Prédiction distillée sur la base complète

Imitation des enseignants

Ni prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.

score de la tête « metaresearch » (Codex)0,000
score de la tête « metaresearch » (Gemma)0,000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aStatut de validation: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Catégories candidatesCharge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger)
Catégories consensuellesaucune
DomaineSignal candidat: aucune · Signal consensuel: aucune
Devis d'étudeSignal candidat: Sans objet · Signal consensuel: Sans objet
GenreSignal candidat: Empirique · Signal consensuel: Empirique
Score de désaccord entre enseignants0,035
Score d'incertitude au seuil0,985

Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie

CatégorieCodexGemma
Métarecherche0,0000,000
Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict)0,0000,000
Méta-épidémiologie (sens large)0,0000,000
Bibliométrie0,0000,000
Études des sciences et des technologies0,0000,000
Communication savante0,0000,000
Science ouverte0,0000,000
Intégrité de la recherche0,0000,000
Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger)0,0160,000

Scores machine (provisoires)

Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.

Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.

Tête enseignante Opus0,012
Tête enseignante GPT0,211
Écart entre enseignants0,199 · la distance entre les deux têtes enseignantes sur ce seul travail
Statut de validationscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle

Classification

machine, non validée

Prédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.

Devis d'étudeSans objet
Domainenon disponible
GenreEmpirique

Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».

En bref

Citations0
Publié2023
Routes d'admission1
Résumé présentoui

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