Notice bibliographique
Résumé
I have been asked to provide a brief foreword to this collection of chapters: not to introduce the contents of what is to follow but to offer ‘a personal reflective account of working with disasters that can help position their place in human experience’. I was offered this honour because I happen to have spent the past 40 years visiting scenes of disaster and writing about them. At the risk of appearing to open with a mindless personal travelogue, then, l propose to provide a brief sampling of those places – in rough chronological order – as I have on other occasions. A coal mining valley in West Virginia known as Buffalo Creek, where a winter flood, caused by a faulty impoundment, caused a terrifying amount of damage to the people living downstream. An Ojibwa Indian Reserve in Northwest Ontario, Canada, where a mercury spill that had taken place many miles upstream entered the waterways along which the natives had lived, and from which they had drawn sustenance, since the beginning of their reckoning of time. They viewed those waters as a living thing and called the alien substance that had insinuated its way into them ‘pijibowin’, Ojibwa for poison. This shook not only the native economy profoundly but also the native way of life, leaving them with what their wise young chief called ‘a broken culture’. A nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania called Three Mile Island, where a near meltdown resulted in unexpected levels of dread on the part of people who lived in its shadow. By the standards of the time, that reaction appeared puzzling and even ‘irrational’, but it became apparent before long that it was the standards, not the human reaction, that failed the test of reason. A migrant farm worker camp in South Florida, where a large group of numbingly poor migrants from Haiti discovered that the money they had earned working the fields – money their families back home had counted on for everyday survival – had simply been stolen. Native villages along the coasts of Alaska where the seas from which people had extracted their living for centuries had been blackened and polluted for a thousand miles by a gigantic oil spill.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,008 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,003 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,005 | 0,004 |
| Science ouverte | 0,002 | 0,003 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,004 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,506 | 0,350 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».