Impact of traffic-related air pollution on the blood pressure response to exercise in individuals with hypertension
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and B.C. Sports & Exercise Medicine Research Foundation. Background The epidemiologic evidence suggests that the health benefits of exercise in healthy adults outweigh the adverse effects of air pollution in all but the most extreme concentrations. However, no studies have examined the acute response to exercise in air pollution in individuals with hypertension, a subgroup particularly susceptible to the cardiovascular effects of air population. Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of traffic-related air pollution on the acute cardiovascular response to exercise in patients with hypertension. We hypothesized that exposure to higher levels of traffic-related air pollution during exercise would attenuate, but not eliminate, acute post-exercise reductions in blood pressure and arterial stiffness. Methods Fourteen patients with hypertension (62.4±6.8 years; 81% male) completed a real-world, randomized, crossover study. Two 30-minute exercise bouts at 40-59% heart rate reserve were performed: once along a commercial street (high traffic) and once in an urban plaza (low traffic). Blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness (i.e., carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [cfPWV]) were examined prior to, 30 minutes after, and 2 hours following exercise. 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring was immediately completed following each visit. Black carbon, noise, relative humidity, and temperature were measured during each exercise bout (Figure 1). Results No differences were found for baseline cardiovascular measures between high and low traffic visits. At 30 minutes and 2 hours post-exercise, systolic BP was significantly reduced relative to baseline in the low-traffic condition only; diastolic BP was not significantly reduced at any timepoint. Based on linear mixed-effects analyses, exercising at the low traffic site was associated, relative to the high traffic site, with a significant (p = 0.04) reduction in systolic BP (-4.30 mm Hg [95% CI -8.09 to -0.54]) up to 2 hours following exercise after adjusting for exercise intensity, temperature, and noise; no differences were found for diastolic BP (-1.56 mm Hg [95% CI -4.87 to 1.83], p = 0.39). Each interquartile increase in black carbon (1168 ng/m³) was significantly associated with a 2.33 mm Hg (95% CI 0.37 to 4.17) increase in systolic BP up to 2 hours following exercise. No associations were observed between traffic site and BP for any ambulatory periods (i.e., 24-hour average, daytime, nighttime, or evening). The acute cfPWV response to exercise was also similar between traffic sites (p > 0.05). Conclusion Our findings suggest that exposure to traffic-related air pollution during exercise may adversely impact the beneficial short-term BP response to exercise in patients with hypertension. While the long-term implications of these changes to the acute BP response to exercise must be further explored, patients with hypertension can employ the prudent strategy of maximizing their distance from major roadways when exercising.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,006 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».