Notice bibliographique
Résumé
FOREWORDSI first got to know Herbert Norman when he returned from Japan in 1942 as one of the Western diplomatic officials repatriated to their respective countries on the neutral Swedish ship, Gripsholm.I had joined the Canadian Department of External Affairs as a third secretary in 1941, so Herbert and I became colleagues at the same level in the very small department of that day.When I married in 1943, my wife and I became close personal friends of the Normans-Herbert and Irene.That relationship continued until Herbert's death in 1957, interspersed with periods when the Normans were posted abroad.One of those periods was after the end of the war when Herbert returned to Japan as head of the Canadian Liaison Mission.He soon became a trusted advisor of General Douglas MacArthur on policies and programs to reestablish civil government in postwar Japan.He was later Canadian high commissioner to New Zealand and in 1956 became Canadian ambassador to Egypt.What impressed me most, in all the years I knew Herbert, was his philosophical approach to questions based on a truly remarkable breadth of knowledge rooted in the two cultures that had shaped him: that of Japan, the country of his birth and childhood; and that of the Christian West, the influence of which was strongly exerted through his missionary parents.This latter influence was particularly important in his concern, as a student at Cambridge University in England from 1933 to 1935, for the apparent incapacity of the Western capitalist system to cope with the economic disaster of the Great Depression, which had produced so much unemployment and human misery.From that concern, and from his strong social conscience, came his youthful flirtation with Communism that was to be the sole basis for investigations by the McCarthy committee in the United States in the 1950s.Never at any time in the United States or in Canada was there any allegation of disloyalty or betrayal, however trivial, of his responsibilities as a loyal Canadian public servant.Herbert Norman's scholarship, thought, and concern for the welfare of Japan and its people, for whom he had all the affection of a native son, are reflected in his study Japan's Emergence as a Modern State.That state, so successful for nearly a century but so conscious as the Third Millennium begins of serious economic and political problems, may find food for reflection in Norman's analysis, especially in the light of the Buddhist doctrine of karma to which he refers in his book-that whatever goes before shapes and conditions that which follows.A great deal has happened since Norman turned his brilliant mind to the Japanese emergence that is now being reexamined.He would not have considered 140 years too long a passage of time for the testing of propositions and structures involved in so profound a "revolution" as the one that remade Japan in the late nineteenth century.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,003 | 0,003 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,005 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,007 | 0,005 |
| Science ouverte | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,003 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,493 | 0,336 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».