“I am a proud Anishinaabekwe”: Issues of Identity and Status in Northern Ontario after Bill C-31
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
the north was always part of meit shaped who i am, " said Alice Desjarlais during her 2006 interview in North Bay, Ontario. As a young woman in the 1960s, Desjarlais wanted to leave the North behind, to escape her family and everything associated with it. 2 Born in 1949 on a trapline in northwestern Quebec, Desjarlais was the youngest in a family of six children. She remembered little happiness in her childhood. Her mother carried a deep and intractable hatred of 'white' people, having lost four of her sons to the residential school system. First it was their physical absence, then their emotional distance when they returned, filled with distaste for their culture and their parents' way of life. 3 One of them sexually abused Desjarlais, who recalled that "a negative spirit" entered her from this violence, one that took her years to face and extricate. Desjarlais' parents tried to keep her out of the school system, withdrawing her whenever possible to educate her in the bush. Despite these efforts, at sixteen Desjarlais was sent to North Bay to attend high school. This did not last long; as soon as she had a chance, she quit and fled to Toronto. "I hated my own culture. I wanted to hide that part of meI wanted to be a white person, " explained Desjarlais, adding with infectious laughter, that she hoped to "pass as an Italian. " For Desjarlais, this self-hatred initiated a twenty-year cycle of addiction and abuse that only ended when she decided to come home to northern Ontario and allow the elders to help her understand her parents and respect her culture. "I realized that I 38 to 81, and have spent most or all of their lives in northern Ontario. 7 All of them identify as Aboriginal women, though three of them do not have official status. They are women of varied backgrounds and ways of life: Anishinaabe, Cree, and Mtis, middle and working class, traditionally and formally educated, lesbian and heterosexual, Roman Catholic, atheist, and observing the traditions of Native spirituality. Together their stories, along with issues explored in this volume by Victoria Freeman, Rob Innes, and Angela Wanhalla, expose issues central to our understanding of the history of Aboriginal women in twentiethcentury Canada. The colonial agendas of Canada's past, particularly the desire to assimilate or destroy First Peoples, continues to create violence, alienation, and sadness in women's lives.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».