Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Karacahisar is a medieval castle located 7 km away from the center of Eskişehir. There is no definite information regarding the castle’s name before the Ottoman period. The name “Karacahisar” is first encountered in Ottoman chronicles. According to the narratives within these chronicles, Karacahisar was the Ottoman Beylik’s first conquest. Additionally, the castle is known as the site of the first sermon and the implementation of the initial tax. It is evident that Dorylaion (Eskişehir) was a multifaceted / multi-focused city during the Byzantine era, and Karacahisar served as one of the fortified areas safeguarding the city and the region. Evidence obtained particularly from coins indicates the presence of a settlement within the castle since the 7th century (Phase I). Also based on the distribution of archaeological findings, it is understood that the castle was used intermittently until the 11th century (probably depending on the defense needs of the city and the region), and a comprehensive repair and construction process took place in the last quarter of the 12th century (1175, during the Myrocephalon War) (Phase II). In the 13th century, Seljuk coins from that era were discovered in the castle, which was located on the border between the Seljuks and Byzantium. It was noted as a significant result that the castle was permanently conquered by Osman Gazi (1288), after the date represented by the Seljuk coin of Keyhüsrev III (1266- 1284). The architectural characteristics observed in the third phase of the castle belong to the Early Ottoman period. Archaeological findings indicate the existence of substantial habitation within the castle during this period. The earliest finding that can be dated to the Ottoman period is a silver coin attributed to Orhan Gazi. The presence of numerous coins associated with Murad I, Yıldırım Bayezid, Emir Süleyman, Çelebi Mehmed and Murad II within the castle further indicates that Karacahisar retained its strategic importance during these periods. These data are compatible with the information found in written sources. Apart from the Ottoman coins, the other coins found in the castle are mainly dated to the 14th and 15th centuries (Germiyanoğlu, Karaman, Menteşe, Aydınoğlu, Candaroğlu, Mamluk and Latin). Datable ceramics, the most intense group of finds of the excavations, also pointed to the same conclusion as the coins. The significant decrease in archaeological data starting from the second half of the 15th century also supported the information in the archive document stating that the castle was abandoned during the reign of Mehmed the Conqueror. The disappearance of the strategic importance of Karacahisar after the Ottoman Empire took complete control of the region during the reign of Mehmet the Conqueror was interpreted as the main reason for these results. For more detailed information, please refer to the Extended Abstract at the end of the text
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,004 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,040 | 0,009 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».