Origami-inspired radiant cooling structures for thermophotovoltaicsystems operating in space
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) systems convert infrared light emitted from a heated source and onto a photovoltaic (PV) cell into electricity. The advantages of TPV systems are their relatively high heat-to-power conversion efficiencies and simplistic structure. TPV systems are light-weight and can be made with no moving parts. The major components in TPV systems are a heated emitter and TPV cells. TPV systems are also often equipped with a cooling system to prevent the temperature of their PV cells from elevating. It is important to effectively cool the PV cells because the efficiency of TPV systems decreases substantially as the temperature of their PV cells increases. Due to their light weight and the fact that they can be made without moving parts, TPV systems have recently garnered attention for space applications. TPV systems on spacecrafts can harness heat from propulsion systems and concentrated solar energy. However, a challenge with using TPV systems in space is keeping their PV cells cool because there is limited room for the cooling system, there are weight restrictions, and because convective and conductive heat transfer to the surroundings are not viable options. Presently, very little research has been done regarding cooling systems specific to TPV systems in space. In this work, we investigate the potential of using retractable origami-inspired cooling structures with adjustable surface areas to radiatively cool TPV cells for space applications. The retractable nature of origami-based cooling structures allows adjustment of their cooling rate by varying their surface area, and they have the additional benefit of being space efficient during take-off. Origami-based cooling structures are currently used in space for radiative cooling as they provide the benefit of thermal and space control, although their application to TPV cells has yet to be investigated. Herein, literature on existing origami-inspired cooling structures used in space is reviewed, and the design and numerical evaluation of origami-based cooling structures for TPV system in space are presented. Numerical simulations are carried out using COMSOL Multiphysics Software to determine the heat transfer to space that occur when origami structures are integrated with TPV systems that are powered by a heat source with temperatures ranging from 1000K to 2500K. The configuration and size of the cooling system are designed to keep the TPV cell temperature at 300K. The results show that origami-based radiant cooling structures can be integrated into TPV systems to achieve high heat-to-power conversion efficiencies while being space efficient.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».