‘Rename the Streets’: The Challenges of Decolonizing Toponymy in Toronto Canada
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Résumé
DOI: 10.47632/2786-717X-2023-2-139-153 УДК 94:711.73(71-2):811.111’373.21 Як цитувати: Rob Shields, ‘Rename the Streets’: The Challenges of Decolonizing Toponymy in Toronto Canada, Ukrainian Historical Review / Український історичний огляд, IІ | 2023, 139–153. Rob Shields ‘Rename the Streets’: The Challenges of Decolonizing Toponymy in Toronto Canada This paper considers recent efforts to rename and rebrand streets to erase historical oppressors and events in Toronto, Canada. Although renaming campaigns have been common in English-speaking countries, the focus will be on the entanglement of place names and street names, toponymy and odonymy, respectively with not only material sites and infrastructure, but as elements within a broader set of place myths and spatial practices that make up a still-surviving settler colonial matrix and spatialisation. Settler-Colonial Theory argues that genocide of Indigenous occupants and their replacement with settlers, slaves and other labourers was a central feature of colonisation that underpinned rather than followed the rise of capitalism. We begin, however, with an overview of critical toponymy and an outline of Canadian naming practices and policies. These contrast with European practices and display the legacy of changing cultural and political relationships between historically oppressed and hegemonic settler-colonial socioeconomic groups that have controlled the formative development and the last 70 years of planning of Canadian cities such as Toronto. References Alderman Derek H., Rose-Redwood Reuben. The Classroom as ‘Toponymic Workspace’: Toward a Critical Pedagogy of Campus Place Renaming // Journal of Geography in Higher Education 44 (1). 2019. 124–41. Berg Lawrence D., Kearnes Robin A. Naming and Norming: Race, Gender and the Identity Politics of Naming Places in Aotearoa/New Zealand // Critical Toponymies. The Contested Politics of Place Naming / ed. by Lawrence D. Berg and Jani Vuolteenaho. Farnham 2009, p. 19–51. Bigon Liora, Zuvalinyenga Dorcas. Urban Pulse – Gendered Urban Toponyms in the Global South: A Time for de-Colonization? // Urban Geography 42 (2). 2021. 226–39. Cahill Peter A. State of Minnesota v. Derek Michael Chauvin. Minnesota District Court 2021. Carter Paul, McKenzie Lawrie. The Road to Botany Bay: An Essay in Spatial History. London 1987. Casagranda Mirko. From Empire Avenue to Hiawatha Road: (Post)Colonial Naming Practices in the Toronto Street Index // Proceedings of ICONN 2 / edited by Oliviu Felecan. Cluj-Napoca 2013, p. 291–302. Davidson Tonya. Stone Bodies in the City: (Un)Mapping Memory and Belonging in Ottawa. Edmonton, Alberta 2012. Donald Dwayne Trevor. Edmonton Pentimento Re-Reading History in the Case of the Papaschase Cree // Journal of the Canadian Association for Curriculum Studies 2 (1) 2004. 21-54. Düzgün Doğuş. The Death of the Author in Place Names: A Barthesian Intervention into Critical Toponymy // Geography Compass 15 (11). 2021. Hasson Schlomo, Ley David. The Downtown Eastside: One Hundred Years of Struggle // Neighbourhood Organizations and the Welfare State / edited by Scholomo Hasson and David Ley. Toronto, Ontario 1994, p. 172–204. Hounsom Eric Wilfrid. Toronto in 1810. Toronto, Ontario 1970. Inwood Joshua F. J., Alderman Derek. Taking Down the Flag Is Just a Start: Toward the Memory-Work of Racial Reconciliation in White Supremacist America // Southeastern Geographer 56 (1). 2016. 9–15. Johnson Jon. The ‘Great Indian Bus Tour’: Mapping Toronto’s Urban First Nations Oral Tradition // The Nature of Empires and the Empires of Nature: Indigenous Peoples and the Great Lakes Environment / edited by K. S. Hele. Waterloo, Ontario 2013, p. 279–97. Leduc Timothy B. A Canadian Climate of Mind: Passages from Fur to Energy and Beyond. Montreal, Quebec – Kingston, Ontario – London – Chicago, IL 2016. Lefebvre Henri. The Production of Space / translated by Donald Nikolson-Smith. Oxford 1991. Light Duncan, Young Craig. Toponymy as Commodity: Exploring the Economic Dimensions of Urban Place Names // International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 39 (3). 2015. 435–50. Porter Libby. Coexistence in Cities: The Challenge of Indigenous Urban Planning in the Twenty-First Century // Reclaiming Indigenous Planning / edited by Ryan Walker, Ted Jojola, David Natcher. Montreal, Quebec – Kingston, Ontario 2013, p. 281-310. Rose-Redwood Reuben S. Governmentality, Geography, and the Geo-Coded World // Progress in Human Geography 30 (4). 2006. 469–86. Shields Rob. Spatial Questions: Social Spatialisations and Cultural Topologies. London 2013. Shields Rob. Imaginary Sites // Between Views / edited by Sylvie Gilbert. Banff, Alberta 1991, p. 22–6. Shields Rob. Places on the Margin. Alternative Geographies of Modernity. Routledge 1991. Shields Rob. After Suburbia // After Suburbia/ edited by Roger Keil and Fulong Wu. Toronto, Ontario 2022, p. 229–55. Shields Rob, Moran Kiran, Gillespie Dianne. Edmonton, Amiskwaciy Wâskahikan, and a Papaschase Suburb for Settlers // The Canadian Geographer / Le Géographe canadien 64 (1). 2019. 105–19. Vuolteenaho Jani, Berg Lawrence D. Toward Critical Toponymies / edited by Lawrence D. Berg and Jani Vuolteenaho. London – New York 2009. Wideman Trevor James, Masuda Jeffrey R. Assembling ‘Japantown’? A Critical Toponymy of Urban Dispossession in Vancouver, Canada // Urban Geography 39 (4). 2018. 493–518.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle