Integrated effects of polyethylene/biodegradable residual film on soil hydrothermal conditions and spring maize growth in rain-fed dryland
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Mulch technology has significantly enhanced agricultural production in arid and semi-arid regions worldwide. However, the long-term use of traditional plastic mulch has caused environmental concerns due to persistent residues. Biodegradable mulch offers a potential solution to these issues. But little is known about the effects of different residual films on soil hydrothermal properties, and how this ultimately drives maize growth and yield formation. To address this gap, we conducted a two-year field experiment involving low-density polyethylene film (LDPE) and polylactic acid film (PLA), at three residual levels (75 kg ha −1 ,150 kg ha −1 , and 300 kg ha −1 ), with a control having no residual film. Our findings showed that increased amounts of residual film increased soil bulk density and decreased soil porosity, leading to decreased soil water storage and increased soil temperature. The structure equation model indicated that these deteriorated soil hydrothermal conditions hindered maize root growth, resulting in lower yield and hydrothermal use efficiency. In the second year of this experiment, the film mass density of PLA treatments declined significantly compared to LDPE, leading to fewer adverse effects on soil physical structure, moisture, and temperature. Betters soil hydrothermal environment favor maize biomass accumulation and yield formation. Compared to LDPE treatments, the grain yield, water use efficiency, and soil accumulated temperature use efficiency of PLA treatments increased by an average of 3.98 %, 3.86 %, and 4.42 %. Therefore, we recommend eco-safe PLA mulch as a sustainable alternative to LDPE mulch for maize production in arid and semi-arid areas. The rapid degradation of Polylactic Acid residues results in minimal disruption to the soil physical structure and hydrothermal environment. Consequently, the root growth and resource acquisition ability of spring maize are restored, ensuring a certain extent of grain yield and hydrothermal use efficiency. The plus/minus sign in parentheses indicates an increase/decrease in that indicator under Polylactic Acid residue treatments compared to Polyethylene residue treatments. WUE: water use efficiency, PUE: precipitation use efficiency, TUE: soil accumulated temperature use efficiency. The structural equation model (SEM) describes the main pathways of residual films influencing the spring maize growth. R 2 denotes the proportion of variance explained. Red, blue, and gray arrows indicate positive, negative, and not significant correlations, respectively. Numbers on arrows are standardized path coefficients. Significant path coefficients are marked with asterisks: *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01. • Mulch residues impact soil-crop system mainly in the 0–40 cm soil layer. • 150 kg ha −1 is the threshold for negative effects of mulch residues. • Rapid degradation of PLA residues leads to better soil hydrothermal properties. • Improved soil hydrothermal conditions increase maize root growth and grain yield.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».