Analysis of Long-Term Thermo–Hydro–Mechanical Behavior in the Near-Field of a Deep Geological Repository System
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The deep geological repository (DGR) system has been selected by most of the world’s nuclear waste management organizations for the long-term disposal of radioactive wastes. The DGR mainly consists of a multi-barrier system—comprising the natural host rock and an engineered barrier system—to contain and isolate high-level radioactive waste, including used fuel containers (UFCs), to protect humans and the environment. Bentonite materials and host rock are the main components of the DGR’s engineered and natural barrier system, respectively. It is crucial to understand the coupled behavior of bentonite and rock materials under various in situ conditions over long-term durations, as it supports safety assessments and enhances the overall safety level of DGR systems. This study presents a methodology for the numerical modeling of a hypothetical DGR using developed coupled models. The developed model was used to investigate the hydromechanical (HM) and thermomechanical (TM) response within the near-field (the area within a radius of 50 m near the UFC and multiple-barrier system) of a simplified hypothetical DGR, based on the proposed design concept of the Nuclear Waste Management Organization (NWMO) of Canada. The analysis results included the evolution of temperature, thermal stresses, saturation, and swelling pressure at different stages of the DGR system’s lifetime. The results indicated that it could take up to 10,000 years to fully saturate the bentonite materials with a corresponding swelling pressure of 2.7 MPa associated with a decrease in the rock’s strength/stress ratio near the placement room; however, the ratio did not indicate a significant system failure. Sensitivity analysis was also conducted to assess the impact of various parameters on the saturation time and the strength/stress ratio in a DGR. The results highlighted that saturation time was highly influenced by the permeability of both the rock formation and the bentonite, resulting in saturation times ranging from 500 to 20,000 years. Moreover, the strength/stress ratio was found to be sensitive to the model’s parameters, particularly the maximum swelling pressure. The results of the TM analysis show that temperature development around the placement of rooms in a DGR is highly influenced by room spacing, with a lower factor of safety (FOS) as time and temperature progressed due to elevated temperature, while the rock remained stable over the 150-year analysis period. The inclusion of temperature-dependent mechanical properties produced negligible changes to the overall stability of the rock around the placement rooms of the DGR.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».