Regional Blocs, Economic Forums and Security Alliances
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The European Union was created as a result of post-war cooperation in Europe to ensure peace, prosperity and stability on the continent. World War II left Europe with millions of civilian casualties, a devastated economy and weak security. The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) was formed in 1949 by the United States, Canada and several Western European nations as a defensive alliance against the perceived threat of the Soviet Union in the aftermath of World War II. The United States promoted European economic recovery through the Marshall Plan, fostering integration and shared interests necessary for a unified defence strategy. The Group of Seven (G7) is an informal forum of seven advanced democracies: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States. It meets annually to address global issues like economic policy, security and energy. The European Union also participates as a full member. OPEC, the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, was founded in 1960 to create stability in the global oil markets and coordinate policies between its member nations. It originally consisted of five founding members, but now includes 13 oil-producing countries. The World Economic Forum (WEF) is an independent international organisation committed to improving the state of the world. As stated in its mission, it, “engages business, political, academic and other leaders of society to shape global, regional and industry agendas.” The Forum was first conceived in 1971 when a group of European business leaders met in the ski town of Davos, Switzerland, to consider the major global issues of the day and to brainstorm on solutions to address these challenges. The term BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, China) was coined in the early 2000s to describe fast-growing emerging economies. This grouping formalised in 2006, and the first BRIC summit was held in Russia in 2009. South Africa joined in 2010, expanding the group to its current BRICS configuration. ASEAN was founded on August 8, 1967, in Bangkok, Thailand, with the signing of the ASEAN Declaration (Bangkok Declaration). The original founding members were Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Today, ASEAN has expanded to include Brunei Darussalam, Viet Nam, Lao PDR, Myanmar and Cambodia—totalling ten member states. The QUAD is a strategic forum involving the United States, India, Japan and Australia. It focuses on cooperation in areas such as security, economics, technology and climate. Originally formed in 2007 with a focus on maritime security, the QUAD was revived in 2017 in response to China&s;s growing assertiveness in the Indo-Pacific region. AUKUS is a trilateral security partnership between Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States, announced in September 2021. Its primary aim is to strengthen the security and defence capabilities of the members in response to the shifting strategic landscape in the Indo-Pacific region. The IMF and World Bank, often collectively called the “Bretton Woods” institutions, were created in 1944 and work closely on issues affecting both global economic stability and development. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development is an intergovernmental economic organisation with 38 member countries. Founded in 1961, it originated from the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC), which was formed to help administer the Marshall Plan following World War II. Headquarters: Paris, France. The World Health Organisation is a specialised agency of the United Nations, serving as the leading international authority on global health matters. Founded in 1948, it has 194 member states. Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,004 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».