CRISIS OF BRITISH NATIONAL IDENTITY IN THE NORTH AMERICAN COLONIES AND THE REBELLIONS IN CANADA OF 1837-1838
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The proposed article aims to prove that the rebellions of 1836-1837 were, mainly, not a struggle for democratization and liberalization of the colonial political system, but a clash of two versions of nationalism that were widespread in Canada at that time: the British version, represented by the Orangists, “constitutionalists”, colonial offi cials and people loyal to them, and, on the other side, the Canadian version, the adherents of which were the English-s peaking “reformers” and French-s peaking “patriots”. The fi rst version of nationalism was traditionally put at the basis of the worldview of all those who moved to Canada from the mother country, or, if born in America, were strongly infl uenced by the powerful English national intellectual tradition, rooted in the 16th century. The second was just beginning to take shape and was the characteristic of a small circle of intellectuals and politically active colonists who were ready to become not British, but Canadians. In this context the issue of democratizing the colonial governance system was not important per se but drew attention mainly as a symbol of the affi rmation and emancipation of the Canadian nation. However, due to the recent emergence of Canadian national identity, its infl uence on the events that took place was insuffi cient to lead to radical changes. According to sources, until the very last moment, rebellion was not a part of the plans of Canadian nationalists. This seems quite obvious, given how chaotic, contradictory and inconsistent their actions were when the violence began. Many important issues: independence or constitutional reform in Canada, the choice between a peaceful or armed form of struggle, the attitude towards the United States, its historical experience and the prospects of joining it - all this was decided literally on the fl y. The emerging project of the Canadian nation clearly needed time to take shape and then to win the hearts and minds of the people. However, the adherents of British nationalism were not going to tolerate such experiments in their country. Their aggressive actions, with the obvious connivance of the authorities, provoked a response and an armed confl ict in which the unprepared “patriots” were doomed to defeat.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,004 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,024 | 0,009 |
| Communication savante | 0,006 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,004 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,003 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,007 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».