5 Impacts of high levels of vitamins during two gestational cycles on the reproductive performance of gilts and sows, litter performance and the immunoglobulins concentrations in dams and piglets
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract This study evaluated the effects of high levels of dietary vitamins to gilts and sows during two consecutive reproductive cycles on dams’ reproductive performance, piglets growth performance and immunoglobulins concentrations in dams and piglets. From mating, 18 gilts and 23 sows were randomly assigned to the experimental treatments: CTR - gestation diet with NRC (2012) levels of vitamins; or HiVit - gestation diet exceeding the North American industry standards (Flohr et al., 2016) for vitamins. No supplementation was done during lactation. A commercial vaccine was given to dams. In both cycles, blood samples were collected from dams prior to the beginning of treatments and at days 100 and 110 of gestation, as well as colostrum (day 1) and piglets blood at days 2 and 21 for the detection of immunoglobulins. In both cycles, dams reproductive performance and piglets growth performance were recorded. Performance and metabolic parameters were statistically analyzed according to a 2x2 (treatment x cycle) and a 2x2x3 (treatment x cycle x time) factorial design. There was no difference on sows reproductive performance. In cycle 2, gilts bodyweight at mating tended to be higher for CTR (P = 0.10) but HiVit gilts had greater bodyweight gain (P = 0.04). Although not statistically different between treatments, total born (P = 0.12) and total born alive (P = 0.14) were reduced by 3.2 and 2.7 for CTR gilts between cycles and by 0.5 and 0.3 for HiVit. There was no difference for the number of weaned piglets (P ≥ 0.16). In cycle 2, average litter weight at 24 hours was higher for HiVit litters (P = 0.04) but at weaning the average piglets bodyweight tended to be higher for CTR (P = 0.06). Although in CTR sows had higher total IgG quantities in cycle 1 (P = 0.03), these values decrease by half in cycle 2 (P < 0.01), whereas HiVit sows had similar quantities between cycles (P = 0.86). For vaccine-specific IgG, a tendency for overall higher titers were detected in HiVit gilts serum (P = 0.09) but not on colostrum or piglets serum. Sows colostrum vaccine-specific IgG titers tended (P = 0.06) to be higher for CTR group in cycle 1 and for HiVit groups in cycle 2. Compared to cycle 1, piglets serum vaccine-specific IgG titers increased for CTR groups at day 21 of cycle 2 (P < 0.01) but not for HiVit (P = 0.37). In conclusion, supplementing gilts with high levels of vitamins during more than one reproductive cycle may improve piglets performance during the early suckling period but withdrawing HiVit maternal supplementation during lactation may have been detrimental to piglets performance at weaning. Immune response to vaccine was inconsistent between reproductive cycles in both treatments.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».