Exploring the temporal relationship between stigma, disease manifestations, and health outcomes in post COVID-19 condition: a longitudinal descriptive study
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Background: Stigma is defined as a deeply discrediting attribute. Post COVID-19 Condition (PCC) is now recognized to be a source of health-related stigma and discrimination capable of negatively impacting the well-being of those affected. Our purpose was to explore the relationship between PCC-related stigma, disease manifestations, and health outcomes over time. Methods: Using previously validated instruments to measure PCC-related stigma, symptoms, depression, quality of life, function, and occupational status, we conducted a longitudinal descriptive study in a cohort of individuals with confirmed PCC between May 12 and August 13, 2023 in the Canadian city of Edmonton. Findings: Ninety-nine consenting participants completed study questionnaires 3-24 months following an initial diagnosis of PCC (enrollment) and again a mean (SD) of 1.6 (0.26) years later (follow-up). Individuals experienced marked variability in study scores over time. Measures of central tendency proved inadequate to detect changes within the cohort. There was minimal attenuation of stigma scores between enrollment and follow-up despite a "return to normal" from earlier pandemic responses: the change in mean stigma score from enrollment to follow-up was -0.2 (p = 0.97). Significant correlations were found between enrollment stigma and symptoms, depression, function, and quality of life measured at follow-up (r = 0.45-0.55). Similar correlations were noted between enrollment stigma and follow-up composite disease manifestation, health outcome, and global well-being scores (r = 0.39-0.54). Multivariate multiple regression demonstrated statistically significant associations between the change in stigma from enrollment to follow-up and symptoms, depression, functional status, and quality of life (B = -0.45 to -0.11). When participants were categorized as "improved stigma at enrollment" vs. "unchanged or worse stigma at enrollment", changes in stigma over time appeared to be predictive of disease manifestations and health outcomes at follow-up (Cohen's d = 0.43-0.77). Interpretation: This study provides insights into the temporal relationship between PCC-related stigma, disease manifestations, and health outcomes and could establish a foundation for screening, prognostication, treatment, and other efforts to mitigate the impact of stigma. Funding: The Long COVID Web is funded by the Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR)-Grant #185352.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,003 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».