Nutritional status and associated factors among adolescents in Senegal: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
OBJECTIVE: Adolescents are a vulnerable group as they undergo rapid physical changes that can impact their nutritional status. Despite the implementation of some interventions addressing adolescent nutrition in Senegal, there remains a lack of comprehensive data on their nutritional status. This study aimed to assess nutritional status and associated factors among Senegalese adolescents aged 10-19 years. DESIGN: This cross-sectional study was part of the national food consumption survey, which was conducted among children aged 24-59 months, adolescents aged 10-19 years and adults aged 20 years and older. SETTING: The study was conducted in Senegal at the national level, in rural and urban areas, from July to November 2021. PARTICIPANTS: 1433 adolescents, boys and girls aged 10-19 years were randomly selected from 1800 households in 150 census districts. OUTCOME MEASURES: Nutritional status was assessed using body mass index for age z-score and waist-to-height ratio through anthropometric measurements. Dietary practices, health and socioeconomic and sociodemographic data were collected using questionnaires. Data were weighted for representativeness and logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with underweight, overweight and obesity. RESULTS: Among the 1433 adolescents, one in five (21.7%) were underweight, 5.9% were overweight, 1.8% had obesity and 5% had abdominal obesity. Male gender (OR=1.74; p<0.001), being in the 10-14 years age group (OR=1.44; p<0.05), having diarrhoea (OR=4.86; p<0.05), skipping lunch daily (OR=2.28; p<0.01) and snacking (OR=1.51; p<0.05) were associated with increased risk of being underweight. Female gender was a predictor of being overweight (OR=4.68; p<0.001) and having abdominal obesity (OR=5.28; p<0.001). Urban adolescents were 59% more likely to be obese than rural adolescents (p<0.05). Adolescents who consumed dietary supplements had greater odds of obesity (OR=3.89; p<0.05) and those who skipped breakfast daily were 4.5 times more at risk of having abdominal obesity. More than 90% of adolescents had three main meals per day. Over 60.3% of adolescents reported snacking and 55.4% of them did so at least once per day. 72% of Senegalese adolescents met the minimum dietary diversity and the mean Dietary Diversity Score was 5.23±1.28. CONCLUSION: Underweight is high in Senegalese adolescents, particularly in rural areas and among boys and adolescents aged 10-14 years. Overweight and abdominal obesity among girls and urban adolescents require particular attention. Tackling the double burden of malnutrition in Senegalese adolescents requires a greater consideration of adolescents in policies and strategies, including the implementation of a malnutrition management programme as well as the promotion of healthy diets.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».