At the Origins of International Cooperation Among Geocryologists: From the History of the Formation of Connections Between Soviet Permafrost Researchers and North American Scientists in the 1960s
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
This study is dedicated to creating a cohesive scientific representation of the initial stage of the development of contacts between scientists from the USSR, the USA, and Canada in the field of permafrost research and the exchange of scientific and practical experience in the development of territories located in the cryolithozone. In this regard, the purpose of the work is to reconstruct the history of the establishment of scientific ties between Soviet geocryologists and their colleagues from North American research centers in the 1960s, as well as to determine the main forms of development and results of this process. The relevance of this issue is emphasized, first, by the existing gap in historiography, and second, by the current geopolitical situation. It appears that the reconstruction of examples from the past, demonstrating the possibilities and role of scientific connections in establishing contacts between countries at odds in military-political and financial-economic relations, could serve as one of the drivers for the gradual "reset" of international relations in the modern world. The development of the topic is based on documents identified in the archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Scientific Archive of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In processing these documents, mainly historical methods of scientific knowledge were employed: the principle of historicism, historical-typological, historical-comparative, and historical-genetic methods. As a result of the conducted research, a coherent scientific representation of the history of the establishment of international ties among Soviet, American, and Canadian permafrost researchers in the 1960s has been created for the first time in historiography. In this context, the history of joint initiatives realized during this period has been reconstructed. It is noted that despite the limited nature of cooperation, the first experience of interaction demonstrated in this article was a significant step forward and subsequently led to a considerable intensification of international ties among permafrost researchers. During the examined period, this experience was represented by participation in international forums held in the USA and the USSR, as well as by reciprocal familiarization trips of geocryologists, which effectively took the form of internships, facilitating the exchange of scientific and practical experience regarding the consideration of the permafrost factor in the development of Arctic and Subarctic territories. The role of the director of the Institute of Permafrost Studies, P.I. Melnikov, in developing international scientific ties is also highlighted.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,007 | 0,006 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,003 | 0,004 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,015 | 0,022 |
| Communication savante | 0,008 | 0,006 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,006 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».