Trust in political institutions in comparative perspective: the role of rational and psychological factors
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Currently, the scientific literature on political trust continues to be dominated by a rational approach which portrays trust as an evaluation of the effectiveness of institutions and which uses as an empirical basis primarily democratic countries. Such studies are conducted less frequently in non-democratic regimes, which is why political scientists do not have a complete picture of how universal the patterns of political trust formation discovered in democracies actually are. In addition, psychological factors, whose influence on trust may vary depending on the type of regime, remain in the shadow of the rational approach. In this article, the author seeks to fill this research gap and identify similarities and differences in the role of rational and psychological factors in the formation of political institutional trust in democracies and autocracies. To this end, the author analyzes survey data from the 7th wave of the World Value Survey (2017-2022), which surveyed more than 90,000 respondents from around the world. To measure the level of democracy in these countries, the author refers to the V-Dem database and uses the principal component analysis (PCA) to calculate the regime’s democracy index, which allows states to be divided into democratic (18 countries, including Canada, the United States, Germany, Japan, etc.) and authoritarian regimes (22 countries, including Turkey, the Philippines, Iran, Kazakhstan, etc.). The author formulates and tests hypotheses about how the role of factors such as perceived procedural effectiveness, democratic values and psychological needs differs in democracies and autocracies in the institutional trust formation. Empirical analysis revealed that in autocracies, compared to democracies, citizens who rate the democratic nature of elections higher, have more trust in political institutions. At the same time, citizens who believe that corruption is widespread in their country show greater political distrust in democracies than in authoritarian countries. At the same time, in democratic countries, compared to authoritarian ones, citizens who are more prone to the need for an autonomous political climate, trust political institutions more than those whose demand for autonomy is less pronounced. Thus, the results of the study demonstrated the need to take into account the institutional characteristics of different political regimes when analyzing the rational and psychological factors shaping political trust, and outlined the contours for further research in this area.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,004 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».