Cognitive function and dementia risk factors among older people in nursing homes: An observational cohort study in Medan, Indonesia
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Background: Indonesia’s rapidly aging demographic presents significant challenges, particularly in dementia among older people in resource‐limited settings, such as nursing homes. However, there are limited reports on the deterioration of cognitive function and risk factors of dementia among older people in nursing homes. Early identification of dementia is essential for timely intervention and management. Objective: This study aimed to investigate and follow up on the cognitive function and risk factors of dementia among older people living in nursing homes. Methods: An observational cohort study was conducted over 6 months (April to October 2024) involving 162 participants from government (n = 83) and private nursing homes (n = 79). Implementation of early dementia screening was carried out using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in the Indonesian version (MoCA INA) instrument to indicate cognitive function impairment. In addition, the Self-reporting of Physical Activity Questionnaire Indonesia (SPAQ-I) was used to identify physical activity. Descriptive statistics, McNemar, Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact, Independent t-test, and multivariate regression were then used to analyze data. Results: Older individuals did not differ in terms of gender, age, education, or length of stay. However, residents of the private nursing home had significantly higher physical activity levels (t = -2.04, p = 0.040), and a greater proportion engaged in adequate activity (65.8% vs. 50.6%, χ² = 4.23, p = 0.040). Over a six-month period, cognitive function significantly declined among residents in the government nursing home (normal: p = 0.021; mild: p = 0.012; moderate: p = 0.003), whereas no significant change was observed among residents in the private nursing home. At the endpoint, mean cognitive function scores were slightly higher in the private nursing home (20.23 ± 3.45) than in the government nursing home (19.70 ± 4.39), with a very small effect size (Cohen’s d = 0.13). Multiple regression analysis revealed that older age (β = -0.396, p <0.001) and lower levels of physical activity (β = 0.163, p = 0.030) were significantly associated with lower cognitive scores. Conclusion: Dementia screening can enhance care planning for age-related cognitive impairment by enabling early identification and management. Early detection allows nurses to implement more effective care strategies. Additionally, higher physical activity levels were associated with better cognitive function, highlighting a modifiable factor that may help maintain cognitive health among older adults in nursing homes.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».