Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The nation of Quebec has been an established nation of Americas for more than 470 years. It is principal home for francophones on continent. Before, and particularly since birth of Canadian confederation in 1867, Quebec has affirmed its personality and historical rights, proudly and firmly asserting its identity as a minority people. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] It has been 138 years since people of Quebec officially entered Canada. Quebecers have always affirmed a fierce will to live in a world where their differences, their language, their culture, and their own institutions distinguish them from rest of country. The year 2005 will allow Quebecers to remember, among other things, ongoing struggles of a francophone population trying to survive on an English-speaking continent. The coming year marks 25th anniversary of Quebec's first referendum on secession from Canada in 1980, as well as tenth anniversary of 1995 referendum--two events aimed at allowing Quebecers to decide course of their political future, at home and abroad. Quebecers have twice asked democratic question of whether or not it is preferable for Quebec to become an independent, sovereign country, and sole master of its political and economic destiny, along with all matters involved in such a decision. On both of these historic occasions, a majority of Quebecers chose to stay in Canada. On May 20, 1980, No side rallied 60 percent support against breaking from Canada. On October 30, 1995, result was 51 percent against independence to 49 percent in favor of independence, with a narrow margin of 54,288 votes between two sides. This virtual tie should have been a cause for reflection among federal government representatives who, though visibly shaken by outcome, refused to modify their approach concerning Quebec, instead choosing to continue pursuing a policy of economic and political intervention in provincial affairs. But historic claims of Quebecers are not unreasonable, nor are they incongruous. They affirm undeniable realities that led to recognition of claims by Catalans of Spain and Scottish inside United Kingdom. Like Catalonia and Scotland, Quebec deserves its right to be different. In context of diversity, while affirming a unique cultural, social, and political identity, and establishing desire of Quebecers to remain associated with Canada, ADQ (l'Action Democratique du Quebec) was born in 1994 to undertake fight for recognition of Quebec's autonomy in an authentic confederation. Quebecers have officially and historically demonstrated on two occasions, both in 1980 and 1995, their choice for a decentralized Canadian confederation respecting spirit and letter of Canadian constitution, most notably in matters regarding jurisdiction of all levels of government. On these two occasions, Quebecers have indicated their frustration with federal government's encroachment upon Quebec's constitutional rights while also claiming Quebec's fair share of federal funds based on its share of population and its jurisdictional autonomy. For ADQ, it is not pertinent to call for more referenda. Rather than hope for a yes answer to a question to which Quebecers have already answered no twice, or worse yet, to receive a third no vote, thus further weakening Quebec, it is time to examine new approaches to advancement of Quebec's autonomy. The Autonomous Way The ADQ suggests that reinforcement of Quebec's autonomy will come about through significant political actions that enable development of a Quebec identity, both within provincial society and beyond its borders. To this end, we propose to endow Quebec with a constitution that embodies values and principles that define it. One fundamental gesture that will express attachment of Quebecers to autonomy of Quebec is designation of province as the autonomous state of Quebec. …
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,003 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,021 | 0,005 |
| Communication savante | 0,008 | 0,002 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,003 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,004 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,013 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».