TREND: United States Census Bureau. State and Local Government Finances: Cash and Security Holdings | State: Michigan | County: Alcona, Alger, Allegan, Alpena, Antrim, Arenac, Baraga, Barry, Bay, Benzie, Berrien, Branch, Calhoun, Cass, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Clare, Clinton, Crawford, Delta, Dickinson, Eaton, Emmet, Genesee, Gladwin, Gogebic, Grand Traverse, Gratiot, Hillsdale, Houghton, Huron, Ingham, Ionia, Iosco, Iron, Isabella, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Kalkaska, Kent, Keweenaw, Lake, Lapeer, Leelanau, Lenawee, Livingston, Luce, Mackinac, Macomb, Manistee, Marquette, Mason, Mecosta, Menominee, Midland, Missaukee, Monroe, Montcalm, Montmorency, Muskegon, Newaygo, Oakland, Oceana, Ogemaw, Ontonagon, Osceola, Oscoda, Otsego, Ottawa, Presque Isle, Roscommon, Saginaw, Saint Clair, Saint Joseph, Sanilac, Schoolcraft, Shiawassee, Tuscola, Van Buren, Washtenaw, Wayne, Wexford | Finance Line Item*: Sinking Funds - Cash and Securities, Bond Funds - Cash and Securities, Other Funds - Cash and Securities, 2012. Data-Planet™ Statistical Datasets by Conquest Systems, Inc. Dataset-ID: 001-028-018
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
United States Census Bureau. State and Local Government Finances: Cash and Security Holdings | State: Michigan | County: Alcona, Alger, Allegan, Alpena, Antrim, Arenac, Baraga, Barry, Bay, Benzie, Berrien, Branch, Calhoun, Cass, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Clare, Clinton, Crawford, Delta, Dickinson, Eaton, Emmet, Genesee, Gladwin, Gogebic, Grand Traverse, Gratiot, Hillsdale, Houghton, Huron, Ingham, Ionia, Iosco, Iron, Isabella, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Kalkaska, Kent, Keweenaw, Lake, Lapeer, Leelanau, Lenawee, Livingston, Luce, Mackinac, Macomb, Manistee, Marquette, Mason, Mecosta, Menominee, Midland, Missaukee, Monroe, Montcalm, Montmorency, Muskegon, Newaygo, Oakland, Oceana, Ogemaw, Ontonagon, Osceola, Oscoda, Otsego, Ottawa, Presque Isle, Roscommon, Saginaw, Saint Clair, Saint Joseph, Sanilac, Schoolcraft, Shiawassee, Tuscola, Van Buren, Washtenaw, Wayne, Wexford | Finance Line Item*: Sinking Funds - Cash and Securities, Bond Funds - Cash and Securities, Other Funds - Cash and Securities, 2012. Data-Planet™ Statistical Datasets by Conquest Systems, Inc. Dataset-ID: 001-028-018 Dataset: Reports statistics on governments’ financial and capital assets. These assets include cash on hand, demand or time deposits, savings accounts, government securities (of federal, state, and local governments), and private securities (bonds, notes, mortgages, corporate stocks, etc.). Also included are loans and other credit paper held by government loan and investment funds. Sinking funds are defined as cash and security holdings held specifically for debt service purposes (interest payments and redemption of principal) on long-term debt, including those of utilities, regardless of debt purpose. The Census Bureau conducts a census of governments at five- year intervals, and an annual survey of a sample of state and local governments for the intervening years. The dataset covers government financial activity in four broad categories: revenue, expenditure, debt, and assets. Revenue data include taxes (ie, property, sales, tobacco, motor vehicle, licensing and permit), charges, interest, and other earnings. Expenditure data include total by function (ie, education, highways, airports, water and sewerage, health, hospitals, corrections, fire and police protection), and by accounting category (ie, current operations and capital outlays). Debt data include issuance, retirement, and amounts outstanding. Financial assets data include securities and other holdings, by type. The data collection for the state and local finance survey utilizes three modes: mail canvass, internet collection, and central collection from state sources. Collection methods vary by state and type of government. Reviews of government accounting records provide data for most state government agencies and the 48 largest and most complex county and municipal governments. Data for local governments in about 27 states are consolidated and submitted by state agencies (central collections), usually as electronic transmissions or mutually developed questionnaires. Each of these central collection arrangements is unique, conforming to the Census Bureau and the states’ requirements. Data for the balance of local governments were obtained via mail questionnaires sent directly to county, municipal, township, and special district governments. In some cases the data from central collections and mail canvass procedures were incomplete or questionable. If Census Bureau analysts were unable to obtain corrected data from original sources, they attempted to obtain data from Comprehensive Annual Financial Reports or from secondary sources. The survey combines data from several government finance surveys, including the 2012 State Government Finances, 2012 State and Local Public Employee-Retirement Systems, and the 2012 Public Elementary-Secondary Education Finances. http://www2.census.gov/pub/outgoing/govs/special60/ Category: Government and Politics Subject: State Government, Assets, Public Finance, Capital, Local Government Source: United States Census Bureau The US Census Bureau is a bureau of the US Department of Commerce. The major functions of the Census Bureau are authorized by Article 2, Section 2 of the United States Constitution, which provides that a census of population shall be taken every 10 years, and by Title 13 and Title 26 of the United States Code of Federal Regulations. The Census Bureau is responsible for numerous statistical programs, including census and surveys of households, governments, manufacturing and industries, and for US foreign trade statistics. The first US census was conducted in 1790 for the purposes of apportioning state representation in the US House of Representatives and for the apportionment of taxes. http://www.census.gov
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,004 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,003 | 0,011 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,003 | 0,002 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,143 | 0,149 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».