Ecology of northern pike, Esox lucius Linnaeus, in Savanne Lake, Ontario / by Thomas Mosindy. --
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Important aspects of the life history and population dynamics \nof the northern pike, Esox lucius, in Savanne Lake, Ontario \nwere studied during 1977 and 1978. Feeding relationships involving \nnorthern pike and walleyes, Stizostedion vitreum vitreum, \nand the initial impact of an open water sport fishery on these \nunexploited populations were also examined, \nSchumacher-Eschmeyer spring population estimates of 2,621 \nand 2,508 for 1977 and 1978, respectively, represented the mature \nnorthern pike population (ages 4-14 and greater than 45 cm in \nlength) most vulnerable to the sampling gear. Adult northern \npike did not appear to establish home ranges but moved throughout \nthe lake during the year. A sex ratio of 1.19 females to every \nmale was observed. Females were heavier than males at a given length and grew more rapidly at most ages. Fecundity estimates \nof 9,675 eggs per unit body-weight (kg) and an average of 20,081 \neggs per mature pike were low for this species. Growth rates of \nSavanne Lake northern pike were slightly below average growth \nrates in Ontario and Minnesota waters and probably reflect the \nchemical characteristics of this lake, as well as the high density \nof piscivores relative to available food. Total mean biomass \nand annual production for age-groups 4-12 were estimated at \n8,69 kg*ha[superscript-1] and 2,76 kg*ha[superscript-1]*yr[superscript-1] respectively, for the 1977-78 period. Low annual production was attributed to slow growth, low annual mortality, and the dominance of older age-groups in this unexploited population. \nRelative abundance and seasonal availability determined the \nincidence of prey consumed by adult northern pike and walleyes. \nYellow perch (Perca flavescens) especially juveniles (60-110 mm \nin length), and shallow water ciscos (Coregonus artedii) predominated \nin observed annual diets of both species. Invertebrates, notably mayfly nymphs (Ephemeridae) and crayfish (Orconectes \nvirilis), were of seasonal importance. Prey size was not a \ncritical factor in determining predation, since the majority \nof examined northern pike and walleyes were capable of consuming \nfar larger prey than were actually found in their stomachs. \nNorthern pike appeared more vulnerable to angling than \nwalleyes and comprised the greater portion of total angling \nyield for the open water study period. Catch per unit efforts \nof 0.88 fish per man-hour and 1.12 kg per man-hour for northern \npike and 0.66 fish per man-hour and 0.48 kg per man-hour for \nwalleye resulted from minimal angling pressure (1.24 hours per \nha). Angling catches consisted primarily of northern pike, \n50-70 cm in length and 5-7 years old, and walleyes, 40-50 cm \nin length and 6-10 years old, representing dominant age and \nsize classes in the mature populations.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,005 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,003 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,003 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; les deux têtes enseignantes s’accordent sur ce qui est montré ici.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».