Ecology of northern pike, Esox lucius Linnaeus, in Savanne Lake, Ontario / by Thomas Mosindy. --
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Important aspects of the life history and population dynamics \nof the northern pike, Esox lucius, in Savanne Lake, Ontario \nwere studied during 1977 and 1978. Feeding relationships involving \nnorthern pike and walleyes, Stizostedion vitreum vitreum, \nand the initial impact of an open water sport fishery on these \nunexploited populations were also examined, \nSchumacher-Eschmeyer spring population estimates of 2,621 \nand 2,508 for 1977 and 1978, respectively, represented the mature \nnorthern pike population (ages 4-14 and greater than 45 cm in \nlength) most vulnerable to the sampling gear. Adult northern \npike did not appear to establish home ranges but moved throughout \nthe lake during the year. A sex ratio of 1.19 females to every \nmale was observed. Females were heavier than males at a given length and grew more rapidly at most ages. Fecundity estimates \nof 9,675 eggs per unit body-weight (kg) and an average of 20,081 \neggs per mature pike were low for this species. Growth rates of \nSavanne Lake northern pike were slightly below average growth \nrates in Ontario and Minnesota waters and probably reflect the \nchemical characteristics of this lake, as well as the high density \nof piscivores relative to available food. Total mean biomass \nand annual production for age-groups 4-12 were estimated at \n8,69 kg*ha[superscript-1] and 2,76 kg*ha[superscript-1]*yr[superscript-1] respectively, for the 1977-78 period. Low annual production was attributed to slow growth, low annual mortality, and the dominance of older age-groups in this unexploited population. \nRelative abundance and seasonal availability determined the \nincidence of prey consumed by adult northern pike and walleyes. \nYellow perch (Perca flavescens) especially juveniles (60-110 mm \nin length), and shallow water ciscos (Coregonus artedii) predominated \nin observed annual diets of both species. Invertebrates, notably mayfly nymphs (Ephemeridae) and crayfish (Orconectes \nvirilis), were of seasonal importance. Prey size was not a \ncritical factor in determining predation, since the majority \nof examined northern pike and walleyes were capable of consuming \nfar larger prey than were actually found in their stomachs. \nNorthern pike appeared more vulnerable to angling than \nwalleyes and comprised the greater portion of total angling \nyield for the open water study period. Catch per unit efforts \nof 0.88 fish per man-hour and 1.12 kg per man-hour for northern \npike and 0.66 fish per man-hour and 0.48 kg per man-hour for \nwalleye resulted from minimal angling pressure (1.24 hours per \nha). Angling catches consisted primarily of northern pike, \n50-70 cm in length and 5-7 years old, and walleyes, 40-50 cm \nin length and 6-10 years old, representing dominant age and \nsize classes in the mature populations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".