Police work experiences and their relationship to burnout and organizational citizenship behaviour

Recent police stress literature has consistently asserted that organizational aspects
\nof work, rather than operational ones, are identified by officers as being the most
\nstressful. Exposure to perceived workplace stress can culminate in burnout, a state of
\ndiminished well-being and functionality. Although studied among police populations, no
\nattempt has been made to examine the link between burnout and the perceptions of
\nofficers regarding chronic exposure to both organizational and operational aspects of
\npolice work. Positive perceptions of work experiences have also been found to influence
\nemployee behaviour at work, specifically organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB),
\nextra-role discretionary behaviours that contribute to overall organizational efficiency.
\nThe purpose of the present study was to examine the degree to which police officers
\nappraised organizational and operational facets of work as stressful or uplifting, and to
\ninvestigate the relationships among such appraisals and burnout and OCB, respectively. In
\norder to do so within an integrated framework that addressed a conceptualization of stress
\nas a process occurring within the person-environment nexus, the moderating effects of
\ncoping style and personality were considered. Officers from the Thunder Bay Police
\nService and the Northwest Region of the Ontario Provincial Police completed self-report
\nmeasures of these variables. Whereas negative appraisals tended to depend on the
\nfrequency of exposure to the different facets of work, potentially positive organizational
\nexperiences were identified as being more uplifting than operational ones. Some evidence
\nwas found for expected associations among appraisals of work, burnout, and OCB, with
\norganizational hassles and uplifts being more strongly associated with burnout and OCB,
\nrespectively, than operational ones. Some of the associations were moderated by
\ndisposition and coping style, although not always in expected directions, supporting the
\ncontention that chronic exposure to stress may impact on officer well-being over and
\nabove third variable influences. The study highlighted the importance of considering both
\npositive and negative appraisals of the working environment in the study of police stress,
\nand the potential adaptive function of both problem-focused and emotion-focused coping.

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