Utrecht University

of Utrecht University. The research activities covered a broad range and led to many new results. The national activities took place within the Dutch Research School for Theoretical Physics. All ITP graduate students were accepted as students of the research school. In the period from January ’90 till December ’99, 25 graduate students were appointed as AIO/OIO (one appointment together with the IGGN). At the end of this period there were 11 AIO/OIO’s employed by ITP, whose remaining contract periods range between 1 and 46 months. The 14 AIO/OIO’s whose contracts have been terminated, have all completed their studies with a Ph.D.. The average duration of their graduates studies was 48,5 months. Another student at LU Wageningen, R.G.M. van der Sman, graduated under supervision of prof. Ernst (and of prof.dr.ir. G.P.A. Bot and dr. J.H.J. van Opheusden of the LU Wageningen). An exciting event this year was that Gerard ’t Hooft and Martinus Veltman were awarded the 1999 Nobel prize for Physics “for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions in physics”. Their monumental work was carried out at the Institute during the late sixties and the seventies. In this report Gerard ’t Hooft reminisces about those days and gives his personal perspective on the work that lead to the prize (p. 20). Many developments within the various subdisciplines had their impact on the scientific programme of the ITP. These developments are apparent in the more detailed reports, Ph.D. theses, publications and presentations by ITP members. We also present the abstracts of the scientific publications in order to give an impression of the results obtained in this year. There is a short article by Matthieu Ernst and Ricardo Brito on granular matter (p. 25). Prof.dr. E.P. Verlinde left the ITP on October 1 to join the faculty of Princeton University. Prof.dr. P.C.E. Stamp joined the ITP faculty on December 15 from the University of British Columbia, Vancouver. Two programs in theoretical physics, namely “Quantum Gravity ” and “String Theory”, are

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