Notice bibliographique
Résumé
44. Acalypha rottleroides Baill. Adansonia, recueil d’observations botaniques 1: 270 (Baillon 1861).— Type: Madagascar. Prov. Antsiranana: Nossibé, 1837, M. Richard 215 (holo-, P [P00536728]). Acalypha polynema Baill., Histoire physique, naturelle et politique de Madagascar Atlas, 2, fasc. 27: t. 187 (Baillon 1891). — Type: Madagascar. Baillon 1891: pl. 187, holotype. Acalypha juliflora Pax, Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie. Leipzig 19: 95 (Pax 1894). — Type: Madagascar. Prov. Antsiranana: Nossibé, “Urwald von Loko-bé”, XII.1879, J. M. Hildebrandt 3279 (lecto-, designated here: W[W1889-0089773]; isolecto-, JE[JE00004291], K[K000186527], P[P00536729, P00536730, P00536731]). ICONOGRAPHY. — Baillon (1891: t. 185, t. 187); Figs 65H; 69E. ETYMOLOGY. — The epithet likely refers to a resemblance to the genus Rottlera Roxb. (now treated as a synonym of Mallotus Lour.; Euphorbiaceae). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. — Endemic to Madagascar (Diana and Sava). Degraded lowland evergreen moist forest and dry deciduous forest. On Mesozoic limestone and on basement rocks. Altitudinal range 200-370 m (Fig. 66). PRELIMINARY CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT. — The EOO of Acalypha rottleroides is estimated to be 5 643 km 2, which is near to the threshold of the Endangered category, and its AOO 32 km 2. It is known from only four locations. Acalypha rottleroides grows mainly in dry deciduous forest, but in Nosy Bé this species grows in lowland evergreen moist forest. The collections found in Nosy Bé were made in 1879 and this island has been largely deforested for conversion into coffee plantations, rice fields, ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata Hook.) orchards, and sugar cane fields (Andreone et al. 2013). Currently, the area where these specimens were collected is the National Park of Lokobé (Category II; Dudley 2008). The remaining collections of A. rottleroides were made in Ankarana Special Reserve, Loky-Manambato, and in the unprotected forests of Ambilanivy and Rangoty (Ampasindava). These areas are threatened by mining (sapphire and gold), illegal cutting of precious woods, and fires to improve grazing and agriculture (Kull 2000; Rakotondravony 2009; Goodman et al. 2018). Continued habitat loss leads us to assess A. rottleroides as Endangered: EN B2ab(ii,iii,iv). SPECIMEN EXAMINED. — 8 collections. Madagascar. Cours, G. 5626 (P[P00324530]); Hildebrandt, J.M. 3279 (G, JE[JE00004291], K[K000186527], L[L0241761], P[P00536729, P00536730, P00536731], W[W1889-0089773]); Humbert, H. 19065 (P[P00324502]); Nusbaumer, L. LN 1933 (G[G00090298], P[P05547268]), LN 2629 (G[G00180763], P[P04786259]); Ranirison, P. PR 1085 (G[G00090513], P[P05547267]); Richard, M. 181 (P[P04779559]), 215 (P[P00536728]). REFERENCES. — Müller Argoviensis (1866: 854); Baillon (1891: 182); Baillon (1895b: 1197); Baillon (1895b: 1197) as A. polynema; Palacký (1907: 25) as A. juliflora; Palacký (1907: 26) as A. polynema; Palacký (1907: 26); Nitschke (1923: 280) as A. juliflora; Pax & Hoffmann (1924: 127); Leandri (1942: 277); Govaerts et al. (2000: 70, 105) as A. juliflora; Govaerts et al. (2000: 86); Montero Muñoz et al. (2018a: 109). DESCRIPTION Shrubs, deciduous, to 2 m tall, monoecious. Branches whitish, hispid with simple, hyaline trichomes to 2 mm long, and with glandular trichomes to 1.5 mm long, glabrescent when mature but glandular trichomes persistent. Axillary buds spherical, to 1 mm diameter, perulate, perules 4, overlapping (superposed), membranous, scarious, margin irregular, glabrous. Stipules to 7 mm long, ovate-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate; margin scarious, glabrous except margin ciliate with some short, glandular trichomes. Petioles (3-)3.5-7.5(-8) cm long, indumentum similar to that on young branches, hyaline trichomes deciduous. Leaf blades 7-13 × 5-7.5 cm, ovate-lanceolate, thin-membranous; base cordate; apex acute to acuminate, acumen to 10 mm long; margin crenate to denticulate, teeth rounded to acute; upper and lower surfaces subglabrous, with some thin, glandular trichomes to 1.5 mm long; margin ciliate with simple, short trichomes, and with glandular trichomes to 1 mm long, venation actinodromous, basal veins 5, secondary veins 4-6 per side. Stipels absent. Inflorescences spiciform, androgynous, axillary, to 9 cm long, mostly female with short male segment (sometimes appearing female due to male segment falling); peduncle to 10 mm long, with glandular trichomes to 1 mm long. Female segment laxly flowered, to 8 cm long; bracts 6-9, sessile, enlarging in fruit to 6 × 9 mm, reniform, with glandular trichomes to 1.5 mm long; margin subentire to crenate, teeth triangular, central tooth not prominent; bracteoles absent. Male segment deciduous, to 1 cm long; flowers glomerate; bracts to 1.5 mm diameter, suborbicular, scarious, glabrous; margin irregular, papillose. Male flowers: pedicel to 0.5 mm long, glabrous; buds to 0.5 mm diameter, glabrous. Female flowers 1 per bract, sessile; sepals 3, to 1.2 mm long, triangular-lanceolate, reddish, margin irregular, with sparse glandular trichomes; ovary c. 1 mm diameter, 3-lobed, smooth, surface with some glandular trichomes to 0.5 mm long; styles 3, to 6 mm long, slightly connate at base, glabrous, each divided into 9-10 segments. Allomorphic flowers not seen. Capsules to 2.5 mm diameter, smooth, surface with sparse glandular trichomes. Seeds c. 1.5 × 1.2 mm, pyriform, minutely foveolate. NOTE Baillon designated J. M. Hildebrandt 3279 as the type of Acalypha juliflora but did not indicate the herbarium. We found six specimens of this collection, designating the best preserved of them as the lectotype.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,031 | 0,009 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».