Youth Exposure to Violence Involvement in the Criminal Justice System: A Developmental Analysis of Youth Police Involvement the Victim-Incarceration Overlap
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
In Canada, young people between the ages of 12-and 24 years are over-represented in police interaction incidents as both a victim and accused of a crime (Allen & MacCarthy, 2018; Allen & Superle, 2016). Although victimization and crime appear to be two separate outcomes, research from the past sixty years has consistently found that for many who become repeatedly involved in the justice system, experiences of victimization, criminal offending, and incarceration are often connected, a phenomenon known as the victim-incarceration overlap (Berg et al., 2017; Jennings et al., 2012). Despite the strong evidence supporting the existence of the victim-incarceration overlap, there is a lack of clarity within the theoretical literature surrounding (1) the root causes of the overlap; and (2) how the overlap develops over time within the population of youth who become repeatedly involved in the criminal justice system. Using an anti-colonial social work approach, this dissertation aims to critically evaluate the use of policing within the lives of youth while also investigating the developmental nature of the victim-incarceration overlap for youth who have been violently victimized. This work is completed by analyzing official secondary police records data and the longitudinal patterns of youth-police interactions for a sample of 5,609 Ontario youth who initially become involved with the police during early adolescence (12-14 years of age). Using a quantitative within-person design, this research follows the sub-sample of youth who continue to interact with police across later adolescence (15-17 years of age) and early adulthood (18-20 years of age). Study one provides a descriptive analysis of youth-police interactions and the victim-incarceration overlap across adolescence and early adulthood (from ages 12 to 20 years). Study two uses a series of multivariate logistic regression analyses to investigate which types of youth-police interactions predict the victim-incarceration outcome for the subset of youth who continue to be involved with the police during early adulthood. It has been hypothesized that childhood and youth exposure to police-reported violence will be predictive of the victim-incarceration overlap during early adulthood. Findings are discussed in relation to both policy and practice surrounding violence prevention and treatment services.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,004 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,005 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».