Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Filter for Detaining Immunosuppressive T-Cells and Inducing the Activation of Effector T-Cells
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Cancer is a major public health concern worldwide and the main cause of death in Canada. It remains challenging to effectively treat cancer given its ability to evade and suppress immune responses. Adoptive T-cell transfer (ACT) has recently gained popularity as a promising cancer immunotherapy. ACT works on the premise of enhancing the effectiveness of autologous white blood cells. T-cells are a type of white blood cell that play a critical role in killing cancer cells. However, regulatory T (Treg) cells are immunosuppressive and prevent the cancer-killing effector T (Teff) cells from eliminating cancer cells. A plasma functionalized MWCNT filter was developed with future intentions of detaining Treg cells and activating Teff cells using mechanical forces and non-biological agonists. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are a network of cylindrically rolled carbon atoms used as the base of the filter material given its attractive material properties. The MWCNT coating was made functional to biological systems by modifying its surface using an ammonia plasma treatment, namely plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Amine (NH2) functional groups were grafted onto the surface of the MWCNTs which allow for future immobilization of target antibodies. The surfaces of the MWCNT and NH2-MWCNT filters were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, water contact angle goniometry, and Raman spectroscopy. High purity superhydrophobic MWCNT filters were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition and contained a carbon content of 98.9 %. The surfaces of NH2-MWCNT filters became hydrophilic after ammonia functionalization. The D band and G band intensity ratios of the MWCNT and NH2-MWCNTfilters were 0.45 and 0.53, respectively, which confirmed the presence of NH2 functional groups on the surface of the MWCNTs. A splenocyte suspension was normally dispensed through the MWCNT and NH2-MWCNT filters. Spleen cell viability experiments were performed using fluorescence microscopy. Probability (p)-values of 0.44 and 0.16 were computed for the spleen cell viability experiments through the MWCNT and NH2-MWCNT filters, respectively. The high p-values suggested that the interaction of the splenocytes with the MWCNT and NH2-MWCNT filters were not statistically significant in influencing the viability of the cells. Mouse interferon (IFN)-γ ELISA assays were performed to measure the quantity of cytokines released in the filtered splenocyte suspension after applied normal stresses through the MWCNT and NH2-MWCNT filters. Low quantities of less than 3 pg/mL of IFN-γ were reported in the supernatant of the filtered suspensions. Mechanical forces alone did not induce the activation of T-cells while passing through the filters. The combination of mechanically dispensing T-cells through NH2-MWCNT filters coated with immobilized target antibodies may lead to the selective enhancement and proliferation of T-cells
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».