Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Objectives: To observe the morphological changes of the cupula after injecting gentamicin (GM) in the frog inner ear and to compare the changes of the cupula with those of the ampullary sensory cells.Methods: We injected 300 µg (7.5 µl) of GM into the inner ear of 30 bullfrogs using a microsyringe under ether anesthesia.The same amount of saline was injected into the other ear as control.The posterior cupula were observed at 3, 7, and 14 days after GM injection by stereoscopic microscope after being stained with India ink.We classified cupula changes into Grades 1 ∼ 4 according to the degree of cupula shrinkage.Grade 1 is normal or slight change of the cupula such as the dip of the apex.Grade 2 is under 50%, and Grade 3 is 51∼ 80% of cupula shrinkage.Grade 4 is more than 80% of shrinkage or absence of the cupula.After removing the cupula, the sensory epithelia of the posterior canal were immediately fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution and were assessed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).We classified the sensory cell changes into Grades 1 ∼ 4 according to the extent of sensory cell damage.Grade 1 is damaged sensory cell area smaller than 20% of the total area.Grade 2 is damage of 21 ∼ 50%, Grade 3, 51 ∼ 80% and Grade 4, more than 80%. he correlation between the changes in the cupula and sensory cells was evaluated.Results: 1. Changes at 3 days after GM injection Normal or slightly changed cupula (grade 1) were seen in 7 out of 10 cases.Grade 4 change, disappearance of the cupula was found in 3 cases.In these cases, the sensory cell change was also severe.Sensory cell changes were Grade 2 or more in 7 cases.2. Changes at 7 days after GM injection The cupula showed mild changes of grade 2 or less in 5 of 10 cases.The sensory cells also showed mild changes of grade 2 or less.In the other 5 cases, the degree of cupula change was not associated with the sensory cell change.In this group, the sensory cell change was no more severe than that in the 3-day group.3. Changes at 14 days after GM injection The cupula showed Grade 2 or more severe changes in 7 of 10 cases.There were only 2 cases in which the cupula and sensory cell changes were both Grade 2 or milder.In 3 cases, both the cupula and sensory cells had damages Grade 3 or more.The other 4 cases showed no correlation between the cupula and the sensory cell change.4. The control group The cupula and sensory cells were normal in all 6 cases. Conclusions:The cupula shows various degrees of changes after GM injection into the inner ear, with or without damage of the sensory cells.This cupula change may be a part of the etiology of peripheral vertigo, and is also potentially one of the mechanisms of reduced caloric response. PA-02 Using an artificial vestibular system and robot simulations to mimic human postural responses to support surface translational accelerations
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,004 | 0,002 |
| Science ouverte | 0,002 | 0,004 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,769 | 0,591 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; l’étiquette directe de Gemma et le classifieur distillé Codex s’accordent sur ce qui est montré ici.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».