Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Bonds of Alliance: Indigenous & Atlantic Slaveries in New France. By Brett Rushforth. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2012. Pp. xv, 406, appendices, index. Cloth, $39.95.)At the beginning of Bonds of Alliance, Brett Rushforth introduces two key objects from France's eighteenth-century American colonies: a braided hemp Amerindian slave halter and a pair of iron French shackles. The items at once seem familiar to anyone with a passing knowledge of American slavery. They are, after all, objects of confinement and coercion that one would associate with the institution. But in Rushforth's analysis they are also items of connection: between maker and object, between master and slave, and between cultures. With this introduction, Rushforth sets the stage for a history of Indian enslavement in New France that reintroduces the reader to the familiar in a way that disorients and re-centers our whole understanding of France's American empire.Rather than a mere adjunct to the fur trade, Rushforth reveals that everything we associate with French colonialism in Canada and the Great Lakes involved slave trading. Whether in calumet ceremonies, French Settlements, or trading outposts, Indian slaves occupied central positions in Franco-Indian exchanges. Systematically revisiting all the key sites of colonial interaction one by one, Rushforth reveals how central enslaved Indians and their labor were to the functioning of New France's diplomatic and economic networks. He further traces Indian slavery's connections to everything from Mediterranean prison galleys to Caribbean sugar plantations. Using a creative combination of linguistic, archaeological, and documentary evidence, Rushforth convincingly demonstrates that the exchange of Indian slaves underlay almost every major development in New France in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.Rushforth has also carefully mapped out the numerous regional varieties of Indian slavery practiced in the St. Lawrence Valley and the Fhys d'en Haut. He is careful to demonstrate the ways in which slavery was a mutable and ongoing adaptation within French colonial history. People whose role was to be used by others found themselves used in all kinds of ways that suited their masters: as tokens in Franco-Indian diplomacy, as tools in French colonial projects, as smugglers and servants and sex partners. Of particular interest are the ways in which Indians themselves used the slave trade to balance out their relationship with the French. Members of France's Indian alliance would routinely frustrate France's efforts to expand their diplomatic network by selling particular peoples to French slaveholders, ensuring continuing animosity between targeted groups and the French. …
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».