Bibliographic record
Abstract
1 IntroductionWe present new Static Symmetry-Breaking Inequalities (SSBI) [11,6] for theproblem of packing equal circles in a square [9]. The new SSBIs provide amarked computational improvement with respect to past work [1], though notyet at the level where a purely Mathematical Programming (MP) based spatialBranch-and-Bound (sBB) can be competitive with a Branch-and-Bound (BB)“boosted” by combinatorial and geometrical devices such as [9]. We considerthe following formulation of Circle Packing in a Square (CPS) problem:given N ∈ N and L ∈ N, can N non-overlapping circles of unit radius be ar-ranged in a square of side 2L? This is equivalent to the more usual formulationwhere one maximizes the number of non-overlapping circles of unit radius in asquare of side 2L with L ∈ Q
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".