The Philippine women of Canada’s live-in caregiver program: ethical issues and perspectives
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Live-in Caregiver Program (LCP) exists under Canada’s immigration policies. Working as live-in caregivers for two years gives individuals the opportunity to apply for permanent residency. The proportion of LCP workers has been overrepresented by Filipinas. By 2000, Filipinas made up 87 percent of all LCP caregivers. Using an ethics lens, this paper explores issues surrounding Filipina caregivers in the LCP. Joan Tronto’s (1993) work on ‘moral boundaries’ helps examine how existing societal boundaries perpetuate some of the issues negatively affecting Filipina caregivers. Kant’s Categorical Imperative and Michael Burawoy’s (1990) typology of labour lead discussions around the choice and consent of Filipinas in entering and remaining in the LCP. Young’s (2006) ‘structural processes’ was employed to direct attention to socially structured injustices experienced by Filipinas. This paper concludes with the moral duties and obligations of the various actors involved and recommends changes to relevant aspects of the LCP.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".