Psychometric Properties of the Polish Version of the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA-S)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The development and validation of the Polish-language version of the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA-S; DiTommaso, Brannen, & Best, 2004) is described in this article.The aim of this study was to translate the SELSA-S into Polish and establish its psychometric properties.A total of 417 university students (262 women and 155 men) aged 19-25 years completed the Polish adaptation of the SELSA-S (SELSA-SPL), and several other measures.All three subscales of the SELSA-SPL showed good internal consistency.Correlations between these three subscales and indicators of psychological functioning demonstrated similar patterns to those of the SELSA-S.Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed that the structure of the SELSA-SPL was consistent with the original version.The results from the present study indicate that the Polish version of the SELSA-S is a reliable and valid multidimensional measure of loneliness.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".