Mitochondrial KATP channels attenuate anoxic NMDAR currents via regulation of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter in the western painted turtle
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Unlike anoxia‐sensitive mammals the western painted turtle survives prolonged periods of anoxia. Likely key is the ability to acutely decrease N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity with the onset of anoxia. Recently, we have shown that mitochondrial K ATP channels (mK ATP ) regulate NMDARs in the anoxic turtle cortex via a Ca 2+ ‐based mechanism. We hypothesized that mK ATP activation in anoxia partially uncouples the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ m ), reducing the activity of the Ca 2+ uniporter and thereby altering cellular Ca 2+ homeostasis and subsequently NMDAR activity. NMDAR activity was measured using the whole‐cell patch‐clamp technique and cellular Ca 2+ was measured fluorescently. Mitochondrial uncoupling was measured via the rates of oxygen consumption and ATP synthesis and by changes in (Δψ m . Activation of mK ATP partially uncoupled mitochondria 9–14% and partially depolarized (Δψ m . Ca 2+ fluorescence increased and NMDAR currents decreased with anoxia, mK ATP activation and uniporter blockade. These changes were abolished by activation of the uniporter. mK ATP blockade abolished the anoxic and mK ATP mediated changes but not those mediated by the uniporter. These data show that the anoxic attenuation of the NMDARs is mediated by mitochondrial Ca 2+ handling, which is in turn modulated by mK ATP activity. Supported by an NSERC Grant to LTB.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".