The small intestinal maltase‐glucoamylase activity increases during the postnatal growth in pigs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The small intestinal maltase-glucoamylase (MGAM) contributes to the starch digestion pathway in the small intestine. This study investigated ontogenic changes of MGAM in the hydrolysis of amylose along the longitudinal axis of the small intestine. Jejunal tissue was collected from pigs belonging to each of seven age groups (d 1, 4, 6, 12, 20, 28 and 70, n = 6) for MGAM enzyme kinetic experiments. The jejunum was divided into halves with the end closest to the stomach designated proximal (Px) jejunum and the other half designated the distal (Dt). Kinetic experiments of MGAM activity were conducted with six levels of purified amylose (0–100 μM) at 37°C and pH 6.0. On average postnatal growth increased (P<0.05) the MGAM maximal specific activity (Vmax: d 1, 2.11±0.02 to d 70, 5.51±0.09, nmol/mg protein.min, n= 36) by 161% and increased (P<0.05) the enzyme affinity (Km: d 1, 31.99±1.51 to d 70, 18.51±1.19, μM, n=36) by 42%. Additionally, the proximal jejunum had consistently higher (P<0.05) Vmax (d 70: Px, 8.00±0.04 vs. Dt, 3.01±0.03 nmol/mg protein.min, n= 36) and lower enzyme affinities (d 70: Km: Px, 24.96±0.0.51 vs. Dt, 12.06±0.88 μM, n=36). Thus, postnatal growth was associated with a dramatic increase in the maximal specific activity of MGAM for the hydrolysis of amylose in pigs. The maximal activity of MGAM was consistently higher but the enzyme affinity lower in the proximal than in the distal jejunum throughout the growth in the pig. Supported by OMAFRA of Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".