Bibliographic record
Abstract
War is a total social phenomenon; violence is personal, transformative, and identity making for all involved, victims and perpetrators. (Shepler 2003, p. 61) As time went on and the killing happened every day, we all became used to it. After some time, the violence became part of me. (Boy) Once abducted into the RUF and the process of militarization had begun to take its course through the devices highlighted in Chapter 4, boys and girls became embroiled in a profound culture of violence. Yet how did children respond to the culture of violence that surrounded them? What did it mean to ‘be RUF’ once the process of militarization was well under way? This chapter traces children's daily lives and experiences during the heart of their time as child soldiers. It highlights the multi-faceted world that girls and boys contended with – one in which the realities of victimization, participation and resistance were experienced and carried out by children in a shifting and dialectical fashion. The chapter also explores the extent to which children took on an RUF persona, as well as responded to the RUF's culture of violence. Although caught in structures of profound violence largely beyond their control, children were not merely passive recipients to such structures but were actively implicated in, contributed to, reproduced and, ultimately, transformed the RUF. Experiences of violence and armed conflict While all participants were exposed to very similar circumstances and realities, children's experiences as soldiers and their reactions and responses to those experiences were neither straightforward nor uniform.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.019 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".