Primary care practice in Ontario: An analysis of the factors that affect physician supply and activity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Health care reform is an essential and continuous process as a nation's medical system adjusts to meet changing needs in the population. It has been recognized that the Canadian health care system is in need of revolutionary change. Many other countries have had similar experiences to Canada in both resource shortages and reform process. The population of Ontario is growing and becoming older. Older persons place greater demands on the health care system. At the same time the Ontario physician workforce has decreased in size, increased in age and has more female entrants. Elderly physicians reduce their workloads as they reach the age of 65 years. Female physicians take on lower workloads than male physicians, especially in the early part of their careers. Over the past eight years there have been less entrants to Family Practice and more to specialty services. As well, in the past five years nearly 60 percent of Family Practice physicians have reduced their scope of care by limiting their practices. Taken together these observations demonstrate that while there is an increased need for primary and secondary care physicians there has also been a concurrent reduction of the number of physicians both in terms of census and also in terms of workload. In the past decade the Universities of Ontario have increased tuition fees significantly with respect to the other provinces. Financial pressures and control of hours (lifestyle control) may further limit the intake of post-graduate Family Practice physicians. Reversing these trends will require increasing the physician workforce and the development of programs to encourage entry into primary care.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".