Effects Of Different Fibers On Bowel Habits In Healthy Individuals
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To investigate safety and efficacy of insoluble (wheat, corn) and soluble (Psyllium, and viscous fiber blend‐ PGX) fiber on bowel habits in healthy individuals. Methods Using a randomized, single blind, crossover design, participants were placed on a typical North American metabolic diet (50% carbohydrates, 35% fat and 15% protein, dietary fiber 15±5 g/day) and received addition of either: All Bran (AB), Bran Buds with Corn (BBC), Bran Buds with Psyllium (BBP), viscous fiber blend (PGX) breakfast cereals, or a low‐fiber wheat based cereal (control) for three weeks separated by at least one‐week washout period. Twenty three healthy participants (12M:11F, age 35±12 years, BMI 24±5 kg/m 2 ) were included in the final analyses. Changes in bowel habits and symptom diary were compared to baseline and the low fiber control. Results All study cereals ‐ AB, BBC, BBP and PGX ‐ induced significant increases in wet stool weight compared to control (52%, 55%, 85% and 49% respectively, p<0.05) and baseline (50%, 52%, 83% and 47%, p<0.05), with lower stool weight in females in all groups. AB, BBC, BBP and PGX also significantly increased stool frequency compared to control (21%, 24%, 31% and 28%,p<0.05) and baseline (15%, 18%, 25% and 22%, respectively, p<0.05), with no significant side effects. Conclusions Addition of breakfast cereals containing different sources of water‐insoluble and soluble dietary fibers to a metabolically controlled, typical North American diet, increases both stool weight and frequency of bowel movement. The Psyllium enriched breakfast cereal was more effective than other studied fibers in promoting fecal bulk. Research Support: Kellogg’s Company, Inovobiologic Inc, Calgary
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".