Abstract: Assessment of Common Perinatal Mental Disorders in a Selected District Hospital of the Eastern Province in Rwanda
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BackgroundCommon perinatal mental disorders (CPMDs) in women (depression & anxiety) are recognized as a significant public health concern. In African countries, CPMDs are most prevalent. However, there is limited evidence in literature about CPMDs in Rwanda.PurposeTo determine CPMDs in a selected district hospital of the Eastern Province of /Rwanda.MethodsDescriptive quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted with a sample of 165 mothers in perinatal period selected systematically. Ethical approval was obtained from University of the Western Cape of South Africa and the former Kigali Health Institute of Rwanda. The Zungu Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were used to collect data. SPSS version 21 was used for analysis.ResultsMost of the respondents (38.2%) were aged 25-29 years; married (44.8%); and unemployed (77%). Thirty-seven percent of the respondents had perinatal anxiety (PNA) while 50.3% had perinatal depression (PND). Statistically significant relationships were found between PNA (≥45scores) and factors such as relationship with husband/partner (c2 (2)=12.045, p=.002), husband/partner’s behaviour (c2 (8) = 16.401, p= .037), number of children (c2 (8)=16.017, p=.042), planned pregnancy (c2 (2)=8.244, p=.016), stressful events (c2 (14)=55.035, p=.000). Relationship with husband/partner was the only predictor of PNA (Odd ratio= 0.437). With regard to PND (≥10 scores), statistically significant relationships were found between factors such as marital status (c2 (3) = 17.559, p= .001), level of education (c2 (3) =16.857, p= .001), husband/partner relationship (c2 (1) = 38.207, p= .000), husbands’ behaviour (c2 (4) =43.242, p= .000), number of children (c2 (4) = 18.554, p= .001), planned pregnancy (c2 (1) = 17.773, p=.000), personal stressful events (c2 (7) = 30.232, p=.000). Age was the strongest determinants of PND (Odd ratio: 131.973).ConclusionCPMDs are prevalent. Poor relationship with husband and young age were found to be the strongest determinants of CPMDs.Key words: ante-postnatal depression, ante-postnatal anxiety, Rwanda
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".