Guidance for Practitioners on the Use of Antiviral Drugs to Control Influenza Outbreaks in Long‐Term Care Facilities in Canada, 2014‐2015 Season
Bibliographic record
Abstract
T he purpose of this guidance document is to inform physicians and other health care practitioners of an increased risk of influenza outbreaks in long-term care facilities (LTCF) during the 2014-2015 influenza season in Canada, and to provide recommendations for adjustment to LTCF outbreak control measures on the basis of documented vaccine mismatch.Influenza seasons dominated by A(H3N2) viruses are typically associated with greater morbidity and mortality than other types/subtypes of influenza, especially in the elderly (1-3).Significant genetic and antigenic differences have been identified so far in 2014-2015 among circulating A(H3N2) viruses compared with the 2014-2015 H3N2 vaccine component chosen by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the northern hemisphere (4,5).These differences between circulating viruses and the vaccine strain (called 'antigenic drift' or 'vaccine mismatch') are anticipated to have important implications for reduced vaccine protection this season.Consequently, adjunct protective measures, such as antiviral medications, may require greater emphasis and expanded use in responding to LTCF outbreaks this season. A. Process stAtementThe development of this updated guidance arose in November 2014 from information provided by the Public Health Agency of Canada regarding early data indicating a mismatch of the influenza vaccine H3N2 component to an emerging H3N2 seasonal strain.This created a need to update recommendations for the use of antiviral drugs for this year's seasonal influenza.The concept was then approved by Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease (AMMI) Canada.A first draft was cowritten by all the authors (FYA, UDA, HGS, ML, DS and GAE).Subsequently, all the authors reviewed, revised and approved the document before a further review from the AMMI Canada Guidelines Committee and the Infectious Diseases and Immunization Committee of the Canadian Paediatric Society.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.044 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.007 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".