Bibliographic record
Abstract
Stereotyped patterns of axonal growth and axon-axon bundling leading to tract formation are common features of nervous system development in organisms as diverse as grasshoppers and humans. In grasshoppers, axons growing from individual, identified neurons follow stereotyped pathways, making turns at choice points, which suggests that the pathways bear specific guidance cues (Goodman et al, 1982; Raper et al., 1983a , Raper et al., 1983b ). Such path-following by growth cones has been hypothesized to result from an adhesive preference for molecules on the surfaces of “guidepost” cells strategically placed along the way, or for recognition molecules on other axons. These guidepost cells and previously laid down axons together are thought to create labeled pathways (Goodman et al., 1982; Raper et al., 1983a , Raper et al., 1983b , Raper et al., 1983c ; Raper et al., 1984 ) that guide subsequent neurite growth. Labels that create adhesive preferences could be specific molecules on glial cells or axons, or could be components of the extracellular matrix. The adhesive preferences of growth cones for a given axonal or glial surface seem to be absolute rather than hierarchical, and specific guidance cues are required for both axon initiation and continued axon extension ( Bastiani and Goodman, 1986 ; Bastiani et al., 1986 ; du Lac et al., 1986 ). These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".