Freezing Inactivation of <i>Escherichia Coli</i> and <i>Enterococcus Faecalis</i> in Water: Response of Different Strains
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effect of freezing temperature (-7, -15, -30 and -80 degrees C), number of freeze/thaw cycles (1 to 5 cycles) and sample volume (100 mL and 100 microL) on the viability of a pathogenic and an opportunistically pathogenic Escherichia coli, a vancomycin-resistant and a vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecalis were examined. About 3.3 to 4.3 and 1.5 to 2.4 log reduction in cell density were observed in E. coli and E. faecalis, respectively, in the 100 mL samples frozen at -30 degrees C or warmer. Freezing at -80 degrees C was the least effective in killing the microbes, on average the log reduction at -80 degrees C was approximately 1.0 to 1.5 units less than those achieved at the three warmer temperatures. Based on statistical analysis, cell inactivation levels achieved at -7, -15, or -30 degrees C were not significantly different (P-value = 0.1648). There were no statistical difference in terms of log reduction obtained under all experimental conditions for the two E. coli strains (P-value = 0.46) and the two E. faecalis strains (P-value = 0.10). The number of freezing/thaw cycles and sample volume, however, profoundly affected inactivation capacity of freezing. Freezing could be an effective method for further reduction of E. coli and Enterococcus in municipal wastewater/sludge.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it