VMD2 accelerates kinetics of recombinant calcium channels: lack of effect of R141H
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the retinal pigment epithelium, VMD2 regulates L‐type voltage‐gated Ca 2+ channel kinetics, an effect which likely modulates the light‐peak response of the EOG. We examined the ability of VMD2, and a mutant R141H form of this protein, to regulate kinetics of recombinant Ca 2+ channels. HEK293 cells stably expressing L‐type Ca 2+ channel α 1C subunits were transiently co‐transfected with a RFP‐β 2a construct and either WT VMD2 or the R141H VMD2 mutant. Ca 2+ currents were recorded by whole‐cell patch‐clamp using 20 mM Ba 2+ as charge carrier. VMD2 accelerated Ca 2+ channel activation, observed as a decrease in time constants for activation (τ1 and τ2) following fitting of activating sections of current traces with a double exponential function. For example, at a test potential of +10 mV, τ1 and τ2 were 1.19 ± 0.05 ms and 8.10 ± 0.49 ms in the absence of VMD2 (n = 17), and 0.96 ± 0.05 ms and 6.03 ± 0.30 ms in its presence (n = 9; P < 0.05 for τ1 and τ2). Time constants were unaffected by expression of the R141H VMD2 mutant (τ1 and τ2 were 1.36 ± 0.06 ms and 8.04 ± 0.76 ms respectively; n = 9, P > 0.05). WT VMD2 also accelerated both channel inactivation and deactivation, effects which were greatly reduced or absent with the R141H mutant. These data confirm the regulation of voltage‐gated Ca 2+ channel function by VMD2, an effect absent when expressing a disease‐causing mutant. Supported by The British Heart Foundation and The Wellcome Trust.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".