Impact of Viscosity on Hydration Kinetics and Setting Properties of Cementitious Materials
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The mixing process used for cement, gypsum, mortar, or concrete has a strong effect on the hydration kinetics and setting properties, so that a standard mixing protocol has to be followed, including the mixing time and the addition sequence of the different components. In order to study the effect of the mixing on the hydration kinetics, rheological and calorimetric measurements have been performed on cementitious materials prepared with different mixing designs. The product viscosity was directly measured with an instrumented mixer from the start of the mixing and during the addition of the different constituents to enable an accurate measurement of the mixing energy. The acceleration of the hydration kinetics is associated with (i) the generation of finer particles that act as nuclei for the precipitation of the hydrates and (ii) an increase of the temperature due to the friction between the grains; therefore, a longer and more intense mix tends to accelerate the hydration kinetics. We show in this work that the retardation of the hydration kinetics of cementitious materials, which appears with the addition of plasticizer, is not only chemical but also physical, as a modification of the rheological properties has an additional effect on the setting properties.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it