Phylloquinone, MK‐4 and MK‐7 contents of some commercially available oral supplements
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Vitamin K (VK), which exists in two natural forms – phylloquinone (K 1 ) and the menaquinone family (K 2 ) ‐ is now associated with a number of physiological functions in addition to its role in heamostasis. Furthermore, there is growing evidence that VK supplementation could help stabilize coagulation times (INR) in some patients on warfarin therapy. In light of this, supplements for K 1 , MK‐4 and MK‐7 are now commercially avalaible. Here we report the concentration accuracy of such supplements. Tested products claimed to contain 100 mcg (n=2) or 5 mg (n=1; prescription drug) of K 1 , 120 mcg of MK‐4 (n=1) and 100 mcg of MK‐7 (n=1), respectively. Assessments (by HPLC) were conducted on 10–18 pills/supplement. Means±SD/pill and % CV were established in each case. Contents of the two 100 mcg K 1 supplements were 72.8±6,0 and 93.9±2,6 mcg/pill, respectively and that of the 5 mg K 1 supplement, 4.7±0.21 mg/pill. Values for the MK‐4 and MK‐7 supplements were 135.8±90.2 and 421.0±33.1 mcg/pill, respectively. Percent CV were 8.2, 2.8 and 4.5 for the respective K 1 supplements, and 66.4 and 7.8 for the MK‐4 and MK‐7 supplements. Results form this study points to a lack of concordance between the VK contents and the label claim of some commercially available supplements. Given the increasing number of individuals consuming these supplements, greater control should be exerted to ensure the quality of the products. Supported by CIHR.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".