Speciation of Metals in Soils
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Given the potential of soils to cycle metals between the various phases, metal speciation in soils can be used to assess regional and global metal cycling in many environmentally relevant materials. Metals are present in soils as a result of both natural and anthropogenic processes, and separating out the two sources is often not a trivial task. Determining metal speciation in soils can be quite complex as thermodynamic models may give suggestions as to the possible species to expect in a system, but metal species are usually controlled by kinetics of the reactions. Sorption reactions of metals in soils to a large extent dictate their mobility, fate, and bioavailability and are therefore vital to understand when attempting to understand metal speciation. The use of synchrotron light sources to address environmental issues has provided insight into the reaction mechanisms of heavy metals at interfaces between sorbent phases found in soils and the soil solution.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it