Bird Communities of the Garry Oak Habitat in Southwestern British Columbia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Identifying the bird communities of a habitat could contribute to conservation efforts and provide benchmarks for ecosystem studies. Garry Oak (Quercus garryana) ecosystems in British Columbia are among the most endangered in Canada and warrant conservation. Four bird communities were determined by analyzing an extensive sample of Garry Oak habitat bird data. These communities were defined objectively by aggregations of the bird species themselves from across the various sites and areas. Characteristic species of these communities include American Goldfinch (Carduelis tristis), Spotted Towhee (Pipilo maculatus), Bewick’s Wren (Thryomanes bewickii), Rufous Hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus) and Chestnut-backed Chickadee (Poecile rufescens) in community 1; House Wren (Troglodytes aedon), Olive-sided Flycatcher (Contopus cooperi), Purple Finch (Carpodacus purpureus), White-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys), and Pine Siskin (Carduelis pinus) in community 2; Western Tanager (Piranga ludoviciana),Yellow-rumped Warbler (Dendroica coronata), American Goldfinch, Pine Siskin, Pacific-slope Flycatcher (Empidonax difficilis), Cassin’s Vireo (Vireo cassinii) and Chipping Sparrow (Spizella passerina) in community 3; and Northwestern Crow (Corvus caurinus) and European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) in community 4. Differences between the communities are suggested from the life history traits of the species, including a community consisting mostly of insectivores when on breeding territory (number 1), one with species foraging primarily in shrubs and trees (community 3), and another with tree-nesting ground gleaners (number 4). One community (number 3) had analogues in two widely disparate areas: oak-associated in north-central New Mexico, and aspen (Populus tremuloides)-related in northcentral British Columbia; otherwise communities reported in the literature were generally not directly comparable.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".