Bibliographic record
Abstract
Gordon DiGiacomo and Maryantonett Flumian (eds), The Case for Centralized Federalism (Ottawa: University of Ottawa Press, 2010), 298 pp. Paper. £12.99. ISBN 978-0-7766-0744-3.Ruth Hubbard and Gilles Paquet (eds), The Case for Decentralized Federalism (Ottawa: University of Ottawa Press, 2010), 248 pp. Paper. £12.99. ISBN 978-0-7766-0745-0.The Case for Centralized Federalism and The Case for Decentralized Federalism are the 26th and 27th books published in the Governance series from the University of Ottawa Press. They offer readers the vocabulary and arguments to evaluate a preferred style for Canadian federalism. Editors Gordon DiGiacomo and Maryantonett Flumian's book is largely attentive to Canadian social issues in its defence of a strong centralised federal government. The essays focus on such issues as childcare, health care, and environmental concerns. Gordon DiGiacomo begins his essay with a clear description of federalism to highlight his particular point of view: 'The definition of Canadian federalism should be based on what the Canadian Constitution provides, not on some accepted meaning of federalism' (p. 21). Attention in this essay is on collaborative versus competitive federalism. As DiGiacomo defines federalism in his essay, Michael Behiels clarifies Canada's confederal system in his. He minimises his analysis on asymmetrical federalism by noting that Canada variously, and positively, incorporates features of both symmetrical and asymmetrical federalism. In citing others' works toward the end of his essay, Behiels addresses centralised federalism as such. Brooke Jeffrey's essay in this book is a review and analysis of Prime Minister Harper's early suggestion that the federal government's role should be essentially limited to defence and foreign affairs: do little, but well. Cheryl Collier's essay correlates the need for a strong central federal government with the Canadian welfare state and universal social programmes. It relates well to Jeffrey's essay in its regard for open federalism with respect to achieving the goal of a universal child care programme. Maryantonett Flumian's contribution is an intelligent, straightforward description of the evolution of Canadian federalism, its tools (financial) and the necessity of strong leadership. Flumian argues the necessity of a strong, stable, centralised Canadian federal government in the event of individual (personal) and international crises. Inger Weibust approaches the value of federalism from an environmental perspective: a strong centralised federal government is required to rescue Canada from a position of minimal enforcement of national and international standards, agreements and objectives. Gordon DiGiacomo concludes the book with the acknowledgement that past and present federal governments in Canada are embracing increasingly decentralised federal governments with more power and devolution to the provinces. To continue to grow, he suggests, the Canadian government must assert itself as the constitutionally appointed senior government. …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.016 | 0.030 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".