Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The production and acceleration of secondary, radioactive ion beams differ quite substantially from the case of stable ion beams. The individual production and separation of the specific ion species, low beam currents or short lifetime of the ions as well as the needed energy variability, typically ranging from 1 to 8 MeV/u, have consequences on the layout of the accelerator. Long living isotopes can be bred to higher charge state, like it is done at the REX/ISOLDE project at CERN, and accelerated very efficiently with an accelerator similar to the CERN Lead Linac or the GSI High Charge State Injector. In case of short isotope lifetimes below a few milliseconds charge breeding is not feasible. Therefore, the ions produced in a low charge state have to be accepted by the accelerator. A linac designed for high mass to charge ratio, like the TRIUMF ISAC or the GSI High Current Injector with A/q < 65, which started routine operation in 1999, could serve this task. Due to the low intensities of some of the ion species a high duty cycle is required. Additionally, coincidence experiments profit a lot from a cw ion beam. This contribution will review the basic needs for radioactive beam acceleration and the possible solutions. It covers linacs based on RFQs, quarter wave resonators and H-mode cavities. Room temperature as well as superconducting solutions are discussed. The state of the art and future perspectives will be described.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it