Aging wellbeing and social security in rural northern China.
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper aims to provide an overview of the factual background to several issues concerning aging well-being and social security in rural northern China. These are: living conditions of Chinese rural elderly the economic circumstances of the elderly whether retirement is a meaningful concept in rural China and the relative economic standing of the elderly as indicated by their income and consumption levels. Data from three surveys are utilized: the first was conducted in 1995; the second used historical comparison which covers 1935; and the third contains 1989 data. Overall findings regarding the living conditions of the Chinese rural elderly indicate that an urban bias reflected in other aspects of public policy extends to the provision of social security. No foundation for the notion that the rural elderly are well cared for - at least in comparison with the urban elderly is noted. Moreover most evidence points to a relative deterioration of the economic position of the elderly in rural areas and a weakening of the family as a social security institution.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it